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小型農機揮別“價格戰(zhàn)” 技術創(chuàng)新是突破口

2016-08-12 14:25:15 來源：中國農機網 閱讀量：17904 評論

導讀：隨著農業(yè)機械化的發(fā)展，各種各樣的農機具登上農業(yè)生產的舞臺，展示各自的威力。在我們刻板的印象中，機械化就是那種宏偉的大機器，“隆隆……”在大片的田野上耕作，場面壯觀。其實現(xiàn)實中，農機不僅僅是龐然大物，也有小型甚至是迷你型，而在我們中國小型農機也有自己展示用途的廣闊天地，同時成長道路上也面臨著一些問題，需要企業(yè)用智慧的眼光去探索與突破。

　   【中國農機網 行業(yè)要聞】隨著農業(yè)機械化的發(fā)展，各種各樣的農機具登上農業(yè)生產的舞臺，展示各自的威力。在我們刻板的印象中，機械化就是那種宏偉的大機器，“隆隆……”在大片的田野上耕作，場面壯觀。其實現(xiàn)實中，農機不僅僅是龐然大物，也有小型甚至是迷你型，而在我們中國小型農機也有自己展示用途的廣闊天地，同時成長道路上也面臨著一些問題，需要企業(yè)用智慧的眼光去探索與突破。
　　
　　小型農機揮別“價格戰(zhàn)” 技術創(chuàng)新是突破口

        小型農機擁有廣闊市場
　　
　　我國地形復雜多樣，并不是每個地方都有連片的農田能夠給予大型農機作業(yè)，且小型農機生產仍未因為土地流轉而得到根本性改變，規(guī)模化、標準化農業(yè)生產推進速度緩慢，仍有很大一部分的是家庭農場或小農個體戶，大型農機根本就沒有伸展才能的空間，而小型農機則比較對他們的胃口。另外，大型農機的價格昂貴，即使有了農機補貼也不是一般農戶可以負擔得起的。
　　
　　在廣西田陽，耕地生產一線，一臺臺小型農機正在每一塊水田地塊里緊張耕耙，村村屯屯、垌垌谷谷到處都是小“鐵牛”忙碌作業(yè)的身影。近年來，隨著國家農機購置補貼政策的全面實施，越來越多的小型農機開進了該縣各鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)農戶群眾的田間地頭，成為全縣農業(yè)耕作的主力軍，小“鐵牛”取代牛馬傳統(tǒng)耕作方式的現(xiàn)代化農業(yè)耕作景象，構畫出一道道亮麗的風景。
　　
　　小型農機前景雖好，但發(fā)展過程中一些問題不容忽視，比如：小型農機產能過剩下，同質化現(xiàn)象較嚴重，產品質量差異小，導致企業(yè)打起了“價格戰(zhàn)”。
　　
　　小型農機同質化導致產能過剩
　　
　　長期以來，我國農機市場一直被國外壟斷，而我國農機在市場的占比更是不多。另外，一直以來，小型農機同質化競爭讓中國低端農機市場陷入價格戰(zhàn)，小型農機產能過剩而農機卻供應不足。
　　
　　資料顯示，中國農機產業(yè)總體規(guī)模約為3800億元人民幣，其中中低端農機大概占3500億元左右，農機大概占300億元左右。目前中國農機產品結構比較單一，僅覆蓋了中小馬力拖拉機、聯(lián)合收割機等低端的傳統(tǒng)農業(yè)機械，且產能嚴重過剩。
　　
　　比方說，在微耕機行業(yè)就存在著低質化、同質化和產能過剩的現(xiàn)象。從技術上說，微耕機的技術含量并不低，但如今具有專業(yè)開發(fā)團隊的企業(yè)卻很少，導致產品之間的差異很小，因此企業(yè)后只能在價格方面做文章，打“價格戰(zhàn)”。
　　
　　因此從總體來看，國內小型農機企業(yè)的產品同質化很嚴重，產品沒有創(chuàng)新，技術更新緩慢，缺乏差異性，企業(yè)為占有更多的市場份額而進行策略性降價甚至是價格戰(zhàn)。業(yè)內認為，目前對于企業(yè)來說，創(chuàng)新是突破口。
　　
　　小型農機崛起：科技創(chuàng)新是關鍵
　　
　　要想小型農機擁有更廣闊的市場，就要從創(chuàng)新做起，既然同質化，那就做到不一樣，從實際出發(fā)，研究出適合不同土地耕作的小型農機。首先從產品創(chuàng)新出發(fā)，拓展至技術創(chuàng)新、市場創(chuàng)新和組織形式創(chuàng)新等的全面創(chuàng)新，從創(chuàng)新中制造商機。
　　
　　山東省萊州市有這樣一位名叫張勝臣的“工匠”，他不滿足于只把工作看成是一種*養(yǎng)家糊口的手段，而是在工作中樹立起對職業(yè)的敬畏、對目標的執(zhí)著、對產品的負責，用滿腔熱情打造出農民急需的滿意小型農機。從2013年開始，張勝臣花費3年時間對傳統(tǒng)微耕機進行了技術改進，其核心就是將過去的皮帶傳動改造成齒輪傳動，用傘型輪替換了渦輪渦桿，*一項動力傳輸系統(tǒng)的改進，就大幅提高了生產效率，從此四輪驅動代替了兩輪驅動，成為了市場的新寵。
　　
　　從宏觀來看，小型農機擁有很大的市場需求量，隨著農業(yè)機械化的推進，越來越多的農民將更傾向于機器代替人力勞作。面對現(xiàn)如今小型農機的劣勢，我們需要加大科技投入，開拓創(chuàng)新，讓小型農機市場告別“價格戰(zhàn)”，助推我國現(xiàn)代農業(yè)走上穩(wěn)健的發(fā)展之路。

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