他們說|多方解讀2018中央一號文件

2018-02-05 15:29:10 來源：中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 閱讀量：36290 評論

　　【中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 政策導讀】2018年2月4日，新華社受權(quán)播發(fā)《中共中央國務院關(guān)于實施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略的意見》。全文共一萬六千多字，篇幅大大超過了慣常中央文件的，是全面謀劃新時代鄉(xiāng)村振興的頂層設計，為我國指引了一條具有中國特色的鄉(xiāng)村振興發(fā)展道路。
 
　　中央農(nóng)村工作領導小組辦公室主任韓?。?/strong>長期以來，資金、土地、人才等各種要素單向由農(nóng)村流入城市、造成農(nóng)村嚴重“失血”和“貧血”。韓俊表示，實施振興鄉(xiāng)村戰(zhàn)略，必須抓住“錢、地、人”等關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)，破除一切不合時宜的體制機制障礙，推動城鄉(xiāng)要素自由流動、平等交換，促進公共資源城鄉(xiāng)均衡配置，建立健全城鄉(xiāng)融合發(fā)展體制機制和政策體系，加快形成新型工農(nóng)城鄉(xiāng)關(guān)系。
  
　　以往的中央一號文件講農(nóng)業(yè)問題、講農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟發(fā)展比較多，今年的文件對農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟建設、政治建設、文化建設、社會建設、生態(tài)文明建設和黨的建設都作了全面部署；并按照“遠粗近細”的原則，對實施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略的三個階段性目標任務作了部署。
 
　　中國人民大學教授溫鐵軍：實施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略、發(fā)展鄉(xiāng)土社會將成為未來中國發(fā)展的一個新的歷史機遇。
 
　　溫鐵軍認為，國家大力實施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略，為鄉(xiāng)村建設投入大量資金，這給投資者帶來了進入鄉(xiāng)村獲得收益的機會。在這樣的鄉(xiāng)土社會中進行創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新投資可以獲得大量的機遇，也可以緩解城市投資市場過度飽和的局面。此外，應對目前社會存在的周期性危機泛濫的現(xiàn)象，加大對鄉(xiāng)村投入，進行逆周期調(diào)節(jié)，是中國應當采取的一種重要應對策略。
 
　　中央農(nóng)村工作領導小組辦公室副主任吳宏耀：實施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略是一項長期的歷史性任務，將伴隨著現(xiàn)代化建設的全過程，要管到2050年。因此，必須注意做好頂層設計，注重規(guī)劃先行、突出重點、分類實施、典型引路。
 
　　鄉(xiāng)村振興離不開資源的投入，也離不開要素的聚集。所以，要通過改革打破鄉(xiāng)村要素單向流入城市的格局，打通進城與下鄉(xiāng)的通道，引導、吸引更多的城市要素包括資金、管理、人才向鄉(xiāng)村流動。
 
　　券商：中央“一號文”如期以實施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略為核心主線展開。具體落實鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略主要涵蓋制度改革(農(nóng)村土地制度改革+農(nóng)村集體產(chǎn)權(quán)制度改革)、農(nóng)業(yè)供給側(cè)改革、小農(nóng)戶和現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)有機銜接、農(nóng)旅融合發(fā)展等路徑。戰(zhàn)略的落地將在土地改革、農(nóng)業(yè)規(guī)?；?jīng)營、基礎設施建設、三產(chǎn)融合等領域帶來投資機會。
 
　　振興鄉(xiāng)村，必須通過改革創(chuàng)新，大限度地激發(fā)鄉(xiāng)村各種資源要素的活力，且鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略的本質(zhì)在于增強農(nóng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)基礎，因此土地資本化將是今后農(nóng)村政策的破局點。
 
　　脫貧主線。2018年“一號文”沒有設定具體地量化目標，關(guān)注點由“速度”轉(zhuǎn)向“質(zhì)量”，未來“脫貧”增量空間較大的攻堅點可能主要集中在新能源(光伏、風電)、大眾消費(電商、零售、奶制品、調(diào)味品等)、農(nóng)業(yè)(土改、規(guī)?；B(yǎng)殖種植)等領域。
 
　　中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng)(tmpdc.cn)整理，轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處。
 
　　資料來源，新華網(wǎng)、《每日經(jīng)濟新聞》、財經(jīng)
 

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