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“白色污染”攻堅戰(zhàn)打響，農(nóng)膜回收有大動作

2019-05-17 10:13:36 來源：農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：25036 評論

導讀：環(huán)境保護作為基本國策，在我們社會主義建設過程中居于重要位置。而實施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略的一個重要任務就是推行綠色發(fā)展方式和生活方式，隨著設施農(nóng)業(yè)的不斷推進，廢舊農(nóng)膜帶來的環(huán)境污染問題也日益突出，因此，除了各項主要的禁塑措施以外，農(nóng)膜的回收處理也是一項重要任務。在新形勢下，加強廢舊農(nóng)膜有效回收利用，對于打好污染防治攻堅戰(zhàn)、促進農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展具有重要意義。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 熱點關注】5月10日，180個國家在瑞士日內(nèi)瓦一致通過對《巴塞爾公約》的修訂，將廢塑料的管理納入具有法律約束力的框架，將使得廢塑料貿(mào)易更加透明，接受更好的監(jiān)督，并確保廢塑料的管理對人類健康及環(huán)境更加安全。
 
　　環(huán)境保護作為基本國策，在我們社會主義建設過程中居于重要位置。而實施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略的一個重要任務就是推行綠色發(fā)展方式和生活方式，隨著設施農(nóng)業(yè)的不斷推進，廢舊農(nóng)膜帶來的環(huán)境污染問題也日益突出，因此，除了各項主要的禁塑措施以外，農(nóng)膜的回收處理也是一項重要任務。在新形勢下，加強廢舊農(nóng)膜有效回收利用，對于打好污染防治攻堅戰(zhàn)、促進農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展具有重要意義。
 
　　江蘇：建立各類廢舊農(nóng)膜回收站點270多個
 
　　江蘇省市我國的農(nóng)業(yè)大省，農(nóng)用塑料薄膜年均使用量約12萬噸，但農(nóng)膜回收利用工作起步較晚，存在農(nóng)膜使用現(xiàn)狀不明、土壤殘留基數(shù)不清、回收利用途徑不暢等問題，全省農(nóng)膜回收利用率僅為60%，廢舊農(nóng)膜“白色污染”成為農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展面臨的突出問題。
 
　　近年來，江蘇省深入貫徹落實農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展、建設美麗鄉(xiāng)村的要求，積極開展廢舊農(nóng)膜回收利用工作，持續(xù)推進地膜覆蓋減量化、地膜產(chǎn)品標準化、地膜撿拾機械化、地膜回收專業(yè)化，堅決打好廢舊農(nóng)膜“白色污染”防治攻堅戰(zhàn)。
 
　　為強化普查摸底，江蘇全面組織開展農(nóng)膜生產(chǎn)、銷售、使用、回收加工利用和殘留等情況普查，摸清基數(shù)，使廢舊農(nóng)膜回收利用工作數(shù)據(jù)經(jīng)得起歷史檢驗；以項目建設為抓手推動廢棄農(nóng)膜回收網(wǎng)點建設，建立了各類廢舊農(nóng)膜回收站點270多個，探索總結(jié)廢舊農(nóng)膜回收利用模式，開展地膜減量替代技術(shù)試驗研究；省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳會同生態(tài)環(huán)境廳、省市場監(jiān)督管理局聯(lián)合印發(fā)《關于進一步加強廢舊農(nóng)膜回收利用工作的通知》，組織超薄地膜聯(lián)合執(zhí)法行動，依法對生產(chǎn)、銷售不合格、不達標產(chǎn)品的市場行為進行專項整治，予以嚴厲查處。
 
　　針對大量超薄地膜進入市場，無法從源頭上保障地膜的可回收性這一難題，下一步，江蘇有關部門將推進超薄地膜聯(lián)合執(zhí)法常態(tài)化，始終保持高壓態(tài)勢，嚴把準入關，確保不合規(guī)超薄地膜產(chǎn)品不出廠、不進店、不下田，高質(zhì)量完成“2020年廢舊農(nóng)膜回收利用率達80%以上”目標任務。
 
　　河北：農(nóng)膜回收率力爭達到75%
 
　　同樣作為農(nóng)業(yè)大省和農(nóng)膜使用大省，河北省自上世紀80年代推廣覆膜技術(shù)以來，農(nóng)膜用量逐年增加。據(jù)統(tǒng)計，近年來，河北省地膜覆蓋面積常年在2000多萬畝左右，全省農(nóng)膜使用量12萬噸以上，如何減少農(nóng)田殘膜“白色污染”同樣成為了河北省面臨的一個難題。
 
　　據(jù)河北省農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境保護監(jiān)測站消息，為有效控制農(nóng)田殘膜“白色污染”，凈化生態(tài)環(huán)境，提高土壤地力，河北省將通過加強源頭控制、推動減量增效、加強試點示范等多項措施，力爭今年全省農(nóng)膜回收率達到75%。
 
　　為逐步實現(xiàn)地膜產(chǎn)品標準化、覆蓋減量化、撿拾機械化、回收專業(yè)化、利用資源化，有效控制殘膜白色污染，推動農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展。2018年，省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳成立了省農(nóng)膜回收利用工作領導小組，印發(fā)了《農(nóng)膜回收利用工作方案》，按照“源頭防控、過程控制、末端治理”的工作思路，制定了農(nóng)膜治理的重點措施。
 
　　加強源頭控制，加快推廣新標準地膜，提高地膜的可回收性，積極配合市場監(jiān)管部門開展執(zhí)法，從源頭上控制和減少“白色污染”；推動減量增效，探索開展地膜覆蓋技術(shù)適宜性評估，結(jié)合種植結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整適度減少覆膜作物種植面積，促進地膜使用減量增效；加強試點示范，結(jié)合本地實際，積極開展農(nóng)膜回收利用試點示范，以推進標準地膜使用、加快建設專業(yè)化回收網(wǎng)點、開展廢舊地膜綜合利用為主要內(nèi)容，提升殘膜回收利用水平，打造可復制、可推廣的示范樣板；開展調(diào)查監(jiān)測，根據(jù)不同覆膜區(qū)域和作物，調(diào)查統(tǒng)計覆膜作物種類、覆蓋面積、地膜使用量、廢舊地膜回收量等情況，開展地膜殘留數(shù)據(jù)監(jiān)測和評價，掌握地膜殘留底數(shù)，為地膜污染治理和回收利用提供數(shù)據(jù)支撐和決策參考。
 
　　重慶市沙坪壩：廢棄農(nóng)膜“以物易物”化解農(nóng)村“白色污染”
 
　　日前，重慶市沙坪壩區(qū)舉辦了《土壤污染防治法》暨廢棄農(nóng)膜回收利用宣傳活動，活動現(xiàn)場設置《中華人民共和國土壤污染防治法》宣講、可降解地膜推廣、廢棄農(nóng)膜危害宣傳、廢棄農(nóng)膜回收流程等宣傳活動。歌樂山鎮(zhèn)、中梁鎮(zhèn)等10余個涉農(nóng)鎮(zhèn)街數(shù)百名農(nóng)戶將自家使用后廢棄或撿拾的廢棄農(nóng)膜交到現(xiàn)場，參加“以物易物”活動，兌換生活用品。8家區(qū)內(nèi)農(nóng)業(yè)種植大戶與該區(qū)物資回收公司簽訂了廢棄農(nóng)膜回收協(xié)議。
 
　　目前，該區(qū)建立了與區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)保局、區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村委、區(qū)市場監(jiān)管局等部門組成的廢棄農(nóng)膜回收利用的工作協(xié)調(diào)機制，以及與鎮(zhèn)街、村社組成的廢棄農(nóng)膜回收利用的工作機制，鼓勵農(nóng)戶撿拾廢舊地膜，積極參與“以物易物”活動，激發(fā)廣大農(nóng)戶參與消除農(nóng)田“白色污染”的自覺性和積極性。
 
　　本文由農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布，部分資料來源：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部、河北新聞網(wǎng)、新華網(wǎng)，如有侵權(quán)或異議請聯(lián)系我們。

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