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保衛(wèi)植物大熊貓，大疆植保機為1.6萬畝四合木作業(yè)

2019-07-03 08:51:48 來源：DJI大疆農(nóng)業(yè) 閱讀量：20986 評論

導讀：近日，為保護扎根在荒漠草原中的“植物大熊貓”四合木，大疆植保機對西鄂爾多斯自然保護區(qū)內(nèi) 16,000余畝四合木進行了飛防作業(yè)。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 明星企業(yè)】 近日，為保護扎根在荒漠草原中的“植物大熊貓”四合木，大疆植保機對西鄂爾多斯自然保護區(qū)內(nèi) 16,000余畝四合木進行了飛防作業(yè)。

　　通過精靈 4 RTK 和大疆智圖（Terra）對  16,000 余畝發(fā)生蟲害區(qū)域分別進行航拍、建圖規(guī)劃后，4 架 T16 植保無人飛機在 3 天內(nèi)，完成了藥物噴灑作業(yè)。
 
　　作業(yè)有效遏制了暴食性春尺蠖對四合木的為害，消除了芫天牛、木蠹蛾對四合木的威脅。西鄂爾多斯國家自然保護區(qū)管理局負責人對防治效果以及 T16 的智能、、表示十分滿意。
 
　　四合木受災面積達1.6萬余畝
 
　　四合木被譽為植物界“大熊貓”和“活化石”，是國家一級保護植物，也是荒漠草原上的固沙“尖兵”。
 
　　它起源于 1.4 億年前的古地中海植物區(qū)系，7000 萬年前，與恐龍共存，是中國具代表性的古老殘遺瀕危植物之一。目前，四合木在范圍內(nèi)僅存有一萬公頃左右，主要生長在我國內(nèi)蒙古中部和寧夏北部，零星散見于俄羅斯、烏克蘭部分地區(qū)。

　　在荒漠化生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中，四合木保持優(yōu)勢種群的“霸主”地位，擁有強悍的固沙能力，對我國沙漠化治理具有重要作用。它的根系可以扎進好幾米深的石頭和沙礫質(zhì)土壤，如果遇到堅硬的礫石，則向四周伸展出很多復根，在石縫里竄行，形成橫向三四米的根幅。沙子飄落到四合木生長的地區(qū)，都會在植株下方不斷堆積，形成小沙丘。四合木不怕干旱，也無懼寒冷和炎熱，但其生存會受到蟲害威脅。
 
　　6 月 20 日，西鄂爾多斯自然保護區(qū)管理局工作人員發(fā)現(xiàn)鄂托克旗蒙西鎮(zhèn)千里溝地區(qū)發(fā)生了芫天牛、木蠹蛾、春尺蠖等蟲害，它們以植株枝條葉片為食，自然保護區(qū)內(nèi)已有 1.6 萬余畝的四合木受災，情況較為嚴重。
 
　　保護植物界大熊貓，制定智慧防治方案
 
　　為快速消滅害蟲，西鄂爾多斯自然保護區(qū)管理局委托大疆農(nóng)業(yè)合作伙伴鄂爾多斯市凱圖科技有限公司使用植保無人機進行藥物噴灑作業(yè)。這是該自然保護區(qū)次使用植保無人機對孑遺植物進行飛防作業(yè)。凱圖科技有限公司的植保技術(shù)人員為此次作業(yè)制定了智慧防治方案。

　　由于荒漠環(huán)境特殊，為合理統(tǒng)籌本次飛防作業(yè)，盡快完成對 1.6 萬余畝四合木藥物噴灑，植保技術(shù)人員使用精靈 4 RTK 對進行了航拍，通過大疆智圖建圖，提前規(guī)劃好任務(wù)地塊。飛手無需在荒漠草原中圈地規(guī)劃航線。
 
　　在作業(yè)過程中，凱圖科技有限公司出動了 5 架植保無人機，其中 4 架 T16 植保無人飛機用于執(zhí)行作業(yè)，1 架 MG-1P 備用。由于荒漠中水電供應(yīng)不方便，每架 T16 配備 8 塊電池，2 塊充電器和 1 個發(fā)電機，為作業(yè)提供充足電量。

　　“我們一共花了 4 天時間完成了 1.6 萬余畝的四合木飛防作業(yè)，其中航拍建圖規(guī)劃耗時1天，作業(yè)共耗時3天。把握住了害蟲佳防治時期，暴食性春尺蠖死蟲率達到 90% 以上，芫天牛和木蠹蛾的防治效果也很明顯。” 凱圖科技有限公司的植保技術(shù)人員王萬勇說。
 
　　據(jù)了解，荒漠草原中植物病蟲害的防治人工人本極高，效率低，耗時長，容易錯過佳防治時期而達不到理想的防治效果。另外，由于荒漠地表溫度高，干旱缺水，人工噴藥容易發(fā)生中暑和中毒情況。與此對比，植保無人機施藥、、智能，西鄂爾多斯國家自然保護區(qū)管理局負責人對防治效果表示非常滿意。
 
　　從水稻、小麥、玉米等大田作物，到柑橘、櫻桃等山地果樹，再到四合木這類荒漠草原植物，大疆農(nóng)業(yè)不斷拓寬植保無人機在農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域的適用空間，提升農(nóng)業(yè)機械化、智能化。接下來，我們將繼續(xù)為未來農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展提供更多智慧解決方案。

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