2020年湖北省玉米抗災(zāi)生產(chǎn)技術(shù)指導(dǎo)意見

2020-07-13 09:15:52 來源：湖北省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳 閱讀量：18719 評論

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 通知公告】 當(dāng)前我省春玉米平原地區(qū)進(jìn)入灌漿期、二高山地區(qū)正值抽雄吐絲期，夏玉米處于拔節(jié)期至小喇叭口期。受近期全省持續(xù)密集降水影響，玉米漬害、草害嚴(yán)重，且多地遭受不同程度洪澇災(zāi)害。為有效應(yīng)對災(zāi)情，減輕災(zāi)害損失，現(xiàn)就玉米生產(chǎn)提出如下抗災(zāi)技術(shù)指導(dǎo)意見：
 
　　一、春玉米
 
　　我省春玉米正處于灌漿期，當(dāng)前工作重點(diǎn)是應(yīng)對洪澇災(zāi)害和防治病蟲害。
 
　　1.全力搶排積水。受當(dāng)前密集降水影響，對受淹田塊，應(yīng)全力排水，盡量減少作物受淹時間。未受淹的田塊，要及時挖好田間廂溝、圍溝、腰溝，確保“三溝”通暢。
 
　　2.加強(qiáng)病蟲害防治。做好病蟲害監(jiān)測預(yù)報工作，當(dāng)前重點(diǎn)做好紋枯病、莖腐病、草地貪夜蛾、玉米螟等病蟲害防控。
 
　　3.及時搶收。對已成熟的春玉米，及時動員人力、機(jī)械搶收搶脫，做到應(yīng)收盡收，盡量減少災(zāi)害損失；對氣象條件適宜的地區(qū)，在茬口條件允許的情況下盡量晚收，待玉米充分成熟后再收獲。
 
　　二、夏玉米
 
　　今年我省夏玉米生產(chǎn)前期因干旱導(dǎo)致播種和出苗推遲，據(jù)襄陽市實地調(diào)查，部分受旱地區(qū)夏玉米出苗推遲到6月10日以后，較往年推遲7-10天，苗情較差，當(dāng)前剛進(jìn)入拔節(jié)期。
 
　　1.強(qiáng)化受淹田塊補(bǔ)救。對受淹田塊，應(yīng)全力排水，盡量減少作物受淹時間。在退水時隨退水澇去漂浮物，減少植株壓傷和苗葉腐爛，對于泥漿較重的植株要進(jìn)行清水洗苗。同時，對倒伏的植株，要盡量扶正。大水退后，要及時清理排水溝，促進(jìn)根系恢復(fù)生長。退水后，要適墑進(jìn)行中耕松土除草施肥。
 
　　2.及時改種補(bǔ)種。對淹水絕收或缺苗嚴(yán)重的田塊，結(jié)合生產(chǎn)實際，因地制宜做好改種補(bǔ)種，可選擇生育期短的玉米、綠豆、紅薯、蕎麥等秋雜糧及時改種。
 
　　3.防范后期高溫干旱。我省夏玉米常年遭遇持續(xù)高溫影響。要科學(xué)合理調(diào)配水資源，優(yōu)先保證處于需水關(guān)鍵時期地塊的灌溉。對于水源緊缺地區(qū)，可采用分段灌、隔溝交替灌等節(jié)水技術(shù)，提高水分利用率。
 
　　4.加強(qiáng)病蟲防治。加強(qiáng)病蟲害動態(tài)監(jiān)測和預(yù)報預(yù)警，重點(diǎn)做好草地貪夜蛾、玉米螟、蚜蟲、穗腐病、紋枯病等病蟲害防控。提倡采用生物綠色防控技術(shù)(利用天敵、殺蟲燈等)，推進(jìn)專業(yè)化統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治。
 
　　5.適時晚收提產(chǎn)量。根據(jù)天氣情況，適期晚收，進(jìn)一步提高玉米產(chǎn)量。盡量采用籽粒機(jī)收，及時晾曬或烘干，以防霉變，保證品質(zhì)。

上一篇： 河南省關(guān)于2018-2020年農(nóng)機(jī)購置補(bǔ)貼機(jī)具補(bǔ)貼額一覽表（2020年調(diào)整）的公告

下一篇：關(guān)于實施湖南省2020年農(nóng)業(yè)優(yōu)勢特色產(chǎn)業(yè)機(jī)械化示范、農(nóng)業(yè)優(yōu)勢特色產(chǎn)業(yè)機(jī)械化生產(chǎn)裝備研發(fā)、“平安農(nóng)機(jī)”示范市縣創(chuàng)建項目的通知

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