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上半年我國農業(yè)機械化強勁發(fā)展

2020-08-12 08:44:49 來源：農業(yè)農村部農機化管理司 閱讀量：22058 評論

導讀：今年上半年，主要農機產品產量全面回升，大馬力拖拉機、小麥收獲機、玉米收獲機和插秧機產銷量均實現(xiàn)正增長。

　　【農機網(wǎng) 市場行情】今年以來，農業(yè)農村部門、工業(yè)和信息化部門會同有關部門認真貫徹總書記重要指示精神和黨中央國務院決策部署，深入落實《國務院關于加快推進農業(yè)機械化和農機裝備產業(yè)轉型升級的指導意見》，統(tǒng)籌推進疫情防控和農業(yè)農村經濟有關工作，農業(yè)機械化呈現(xiàn)強勁發(fā)展勢頭，農機裝備產業(yè)出現(xiàn)回暖跡象，為夏糧豐收及農業(yè)各產業(yè)發(fā)展提供了有力支撐。
 
　　（一）重視支持力度空前，政策落實落地進度快。總書記對全國春季農業(yè)生產作出重要指示，強調要加強農業(yè)機械化等現(xiàn)代農業(yè)基礎設施建設，提升農業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新水平并加快推廣應用。中央一號文件部署啟動實施東北黑土地保護性耕作行動計劃，調整完善農機購置補貼范圍，加快農業(yè)機械研發(fā)和應用，支持丘陵山區(qū)農田宜機化改造。全國人大常委會*開展《農業(yè)機械化促進法》執(zhí)法檢查。政府工作報告強調完善農機補貼政策，農業(yè)農村部、財政部、商務部聯(lián)合印發(fā)《農業(yè)機械報廢更新補貼實施指導意見》，工業(yè)和信息化部、交通運輸部、農業(yè)農村部聯(lián)合采取多項措施支持農機企業(yè)復工復產。各地加快貫徹《國務院關于加快推進農業(yè)機械化和農機裝備產業(yè)轉型升級的指導意見》，30個省份已出臺地方實施意見，各項政策措施加快落實落地。截至7月31日，中央財政農機購置補貼資金實施114.8億元，實施進度67.5%，扶持121萬農戶補貼購置各類農機具141萬臺套。中央財政安排16億元支持東北四省(區(qū))開展保護性耕作，實施面積達4600多萬畝，完成年度目標任務的115%，38個縣實現(xiàn)整體推進。重慶、山西、湖北、湖南、廣西、甘肅等省份共計投入15億元資金，開展農田宜機化改造。
 
　　（二）抗疫保糧作用凸顯，農機作業(yè)水平創(chuàng)新高。各地大力推行備耕在線化、服務社會化、裝備智能化、技術綠色化，有力應對疫情，充分發(fā)揮農機在農業(yè)生產中的主力軍作用，農機作業(yè)水平創(chuàng)歷史新高。春耕春播期間，全國超過2200萬臺套農機具投入生產，7萬多家農機合作社就近代耕代種，20多萬家農業(yè)服務組織開展生產托管服務。“三夏”期間，各地投入各類農機具1640萬臺套，其中，參加跨區(qū)作業(yè)的聯(lián)合收割機達27.6萬臺。北方春玉米機播率近97%，南方早稻機種率同比提高近6個百分點達42%，冬小麥機收率達97%，其中，黃淮海地區(qū)冬小麥機收率、夏玉米機播率分別達99%、93%，夏收、夏種、夏管全程機械化水平進一步提升。各地圍繞保障重要農時農機安全作業(yè)，認真落實全國安全生產專項整治三年行動計劃，開展農機安全生產專項整治，上半年未發(fā)生較大以上事故，農機事故起數(shù)、直接經濟損失較上年同期均大幅下降，安全生產形勢平穩(wěn)。
 
　　（三）發(fā)展領域加快拓展，全面機械化呈現(xiàn)新氣象。農業(yè)農村部印發(fā)《關于加快畜牧業(yè)機械化發(fā)展的意見》《關于加快推進設施種植機化發(fā)展的意見》，組織各省份將支持生豬等畜產品生產的自動飼喂、環(huán)境控制、疫病防控、廢棄物處理等機具裝備納入補貼范圍，補貼購置畜牧機械7.7萬臺套，同比增長一倍，推動了畜牧機械化加快發(fā)展；在13個省份開展溫室大棚補貼試點，發(fā)布蔬菜生產機械化技術與機具選型指南，引導南菜北運大省和設施蔬菜重點省份推廣應用蔬菜精量播種機具、移栽機械和收獲采摘平臺等新裝備，有力支持疫情防控期間蔬菜生產供應。農業(yè)農村部、財政部將茶葉色選機、茶葉輸送機、茶葉壓扁機、果樹修剪機、食用菌料裝瓶(袋)機、果園軌道運輸機、秸稈收集機等7類丘陵山區(qū)特色產品納入全國補貼范圍，支持貧困地區(qū)農業(yè)機械化發(fā)展。自動駕駛拖拉機、無人插秧機、植保無人飛機等智能農機裝備加快應用，補貼購置農用植保無人飛機4000多架，比上年同期大幅增長。
 
　　（四）農機裝備產銷先抑后揚，市場出現(xiàn)回暖跡象。農機裝備產業(yè)逐步克服疫情影響，從低迷中迅速恢復，3月份以來，農機生產企業(yè)抓緊復工復產，規(guī)模以上農機企業(yè)產銷主要指標由下行轉為全面回升，行業(yè)明顯回暖向好。主要農機產品產量全面回升，大馬力拖拉機、小麥收獲機、玉米收獲機和插秧機產銷量均實現(xiàn)正增長。1—5月，大型拖拉機產量同比增長21.9%、銷量同比增長20.3%；玉米、水稻收獲機產量同比增長0.34%，銷量同比增長1.8%；水稻插秧機產量同比增長16.5%，銷量同比增長3.7%；打捆機產量同比增長48.8%，銷量同比增長111.9%。1—5月，全國1586家規(guī)模以上農機企業(yè)主營業(yè)務收入869.3億元，利潤總額43.7億元，同比增加30.0%。農機新產品創(chuàng)制進展喜人，國家農機裝備創(chuàng)新中心建設取得新進展，“智能農機裝備”國家重點研發(fā)專項積極推進，1600多個產品通過農機試驗鑒定，可實現(xiàn)分段與聯(lián)合收獲轉換的油菜機械化收獲成套裝備大面積示范推廣，水稻有序拋秧機、插秧同步側深施肥機在雙季稻區(qū)實現(xiàn)規(guī)?；瘧?。
 
　　當前，各地正組織農業(yè)機械全力以赴投入抗?jié)尘葹?，同時抓緊開展早稻搶收、晚稻搶插、秋糧田間管理等生產作業(yè)，大力推廣應用畜牧、水產養(yǎng)殖和農產品初加工等機械化新技術新裝備，為堅決奪取全年糧食豐收、抓好生豬等重要農產品穩(wěn)產保供提供有力機械化支撐。

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