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保護(hù)黑土地！東北四?。▍^(qū)）明確將保護(hù)性耕作機(jī)具作為農(nóng)機(jī)補(bǔ)貼重點

2021-09-26 14:46:27 來源：農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：39743 評論

導(dǎo)讀：黑土地是地球上珍貴的土壤資源，是一種性狀好、肥力高、適宜農(nóng)耕的優(yōu)質(zhì)土地。基于肥沃的黑土地，東北產(chǎn)糧區(qū)的年糧食產(chǎn)量占全國1/4，商品量占全國的1/4，調(diào)出量占全國的1/3，是不折不扣的“壓艙石”、“穩(wěn)壓器”。國家高度重視黑土地保護(hù)工作，多年來采取多種措施推動黑土保護(hù)項目。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 熱點關(guān)注】 黑土地是地球上珍貴的土壤資源，是一種性狀好、肥力高、適宜農(nóng)耕的優(yōu)質(zhì)土地?；诜饰值暮谕恋兀瑬|北產(chǎn)糧區(qū)的年糧食產(chǎn)量占全國1/4，商品量占全國的1/4，調(diào)出量占全國的1/3，是不折不扣的“壓艙石”、“穩(wěn)壓器”。國家高度重視黑土地保護(hù)工作，多年來采取多種措施推動黑土保護(hù)項目。
 
　　近日，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部發(fā)布對十三屆全國人大四次會議第1267號建議的答復(fù)，針對代表提出的“加強(qiáng)糧食主產(chǎn)區(qū)黑土地保護(hù)利用”的建議作出了回復(fù)。
 
　　在擴(kuò)大黑土地保護(hù)利用項目規(guī)模方面，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部表示多年來與財政部等相關(guān)部門和各地方認(rèn)真貫徹落實黨中央、國務(wù)院決策部署，加大黑土地保護(hù)政策扶持和資金投入力度，推動黑土地保護(hù)利用取得積極成效。一是開展東北黑土地保護(hù)利用試點。2017年，經(jīng)國務(wù)院同意，農(nóng)業(yè)部、國家發(fā)展改革委等6部門印發(fā)了《東北黑土地保護(hù)規(guī)劃綱要(2017—2030年)》，提出到2030年實施黑土地保護(hù)面積2.5億畝，基本覆蓋主要黑土區(qū)耕地。2015年以來，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部會同財政部等在東北四省(區(qū))40多個縣(市、區(qū))開展東北黑土地保護(hù)利用試點，試點面積1050萬畝以上。二是開展東北黑土地保護(hù)性耕作行動。2020年初，經(jīng)國務(wù)院同意，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部和財政部聯(lián)合印發(fā)《東北黑土地保護(hù)性耕作行動計劃(2020—2025年)》，部署在東北四省(區(qū))適宜區(qū)域全面推廣應(yīng)用保護(hù)性耕作。2020年實施保護(hù)性耕作面積4600萬畝，其中遼寧省實施800萬畝以上。2021年安排保護(hù)性耕作任務(wù)面積7000萬畝，其中遼寧省850萬畝。三是實施國家黑土地保護(hù)工程。深入貫徹習(xí)近平總書記關(guān)于一定要采取有效措施，保護(hù)好黑土地這一“耕地中的大熊貓”的重要指示批示精神，落實黨的十九屆五中全會、中央一號文件及《國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會發(fā)展第十四個五年規(guī)劃和2035年遠(yuǎn)景目標(biāo)綱要》關(guān)于實施黑土地保護(hù)工程，加強(qiáng)東北黑土地保護(hù)和地力恢復(fù)的要求。農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部和國家發(fā)展改革委、財政部、水利部、科技部、中國科學(xué)院、國家林草局等7部門起草了《國家黑土地保護(hù)工程實施方案(2021—2025年)》(以下簡稱《實施方案》)，經(jīng)國務(wù)院同意，今年6月印發(fā)東北四省(區(qū))人民政府實施?！秾嵤┓桨浮访鞔_按照“各炒一盤菜、共做一桌席”的思路，統(tǒng)籌各類項目開展黑土耕地保護(hù)利用1億畝，其中遼寧省1000萬畝。
 
　　今年，經(jīng)商國家發(fā)展改革委，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部印發(fā)了《關(guān)于下達(dá)藏糧于地藏糧于技等專項2021年中央預(yù)算內(nèi)投資補(bǔ)助地方農(nóng)業(yè)項目任務(wù)清單和績效目標(biāo)的通知》(農(nóng)計財發(fā)〔2021〕11號)，在典型黑土區(qū)實施東北黑土地保護(hù)建設(shè)項目，每畝補(bǔ)助水平比一般高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)提高約300元，支持黑土退化問題疊加嚴(yán)重的地區(qū)，高質(zhì)量開展高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)，實施綜合措施。同時，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部會同財政部繼續(xù)安排中央轉(zhuǎn)移支付資金8億元，每畝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提高到200元，支持黑土區(qū)有關(guān)縣開展東北黑土地保護(hù)利用項目，重點結(jié)合高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田地塊，配套實施肥沃耕作層培育等農(nóng)藝措施，積極探索工程、農(nóng)藝相結(jié)合的黑土地保護(hù)技術(shù)模式，并加以推廣應(yīng)用。
 
　　黑土地保護(hù)相關(guān)政策方面，黑土地保護(hù)治理需要綜合運(yùn)用多種措施、涉及多類項目，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部積極與相關(guān)部門協(xié)商，推動出臺相關(guān)政策。一是出臺資金統(tǒng)籌政策。5月，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部、財政部、國家發(fā)展改革委3家單位辦公廳聯(lián)合印發(fā)了《關(guān)于進(jìn)一步做好東北黑土地保護(hù)工作的通知》(農(nóng)辦計財〔2021〕11號)，明確實施黑土地保護(hù)利用綜合措施，持續(xù)完善黑土地保護(hù)利用政策機(jī)制，推進(jìn)項目和資金統(tǒng)籌使用。支持黑土區(qū)有關(guān)縣結(jié)合本地實際，按照“渠道不亂、用途不變、集中投入、各負(fù)其責(zé)、各記其功、形成合力”的原則，按規(guī)定統(tǒng)籌安排相關(guān)轉(zhuǎn)移支付和中央預(yù)算內(nèi)投資用于黑土地保護(hù)利用?！秾嵤┓桨浮访鞔_探索將黑土耕地保護(hù)措施、輪作休耕制度落實情況與耕地地力補(bǔ)貼、輪作休耕補(bǔ)貼等發(fā)放掛鉤機(jī)制。二是支持項目統(tǒng)籌實施?！秾嵤┓桨浮访鞔_按照“各炒一盤菜、共做一桌席”的思路，以高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)為平臺，統(tǒng)籌實施大中型灌區(qū)改造、小流域綜合治理、畜禽糞污資源化利用、秸稈綜合利用還田、深松整地、綠色種養(yǎng)循環(huán)農(nóng)業(yè)、保護(hù)性耕作、東北黑土地保護(hù)利用試點示范等政策，實行綜合治理，形成政策合力。三是實施農(nóng)機(jī)購置補(bǔ)貼政策。支持東北四省(區(qū))實施農(nóng)機(jī)購置補(bǔ)貼政策，補(bǔ)貼范圍包括深松機(jī)、秸稈粉碎還田機(jī)等農(nóng)機(jī)具。東北四省(區(qū))均明確將保護(hù)性耕作機(jī)具作為農(nóng)機(jī)購置補(bǔ)貼的重點，做到敞開補(bǔ)貼、應(yīng)補(bǔ)盡補(bǔ)，提高黑土地保護(hù)利用機(jī)械化水平。
 
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