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湖北省提高油料生產(chǎn)急需機(jī)具補(bǔ)貼標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，力爭2022年全省油菜機(jī)收損失率降低2%

2022-04-19 10:08:32 來源：農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：24445 評論

導(dǎo)讀：2022年，力爭全省油菜機(jī)收損失率降低2個百分點(diǎn)左右；2023-2025年，力爭全省油菜機(jī)收損失率每年降低1個百分點(diǎn)左右。力爭到2025年，全省油菜聯(lián)合機(jī)收損失率控制在8%以內(nèi)、分段機(jī)收損失率控制在6%以內(nèi)，并形成成熟的油菜機(jī)收技術(shù)模式和省級地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 地方農(nóng)機(jī)】 今年，擴(kuò)大油料作物生產(chǎn)是重要任務(wù)。在收獲環(huán)節(jié)，抓好機(jī)收減損工作，就是增加作物產(chǎn)量。去年，針對主糧作物，相關(guān)部門強(qiáng)化“減損就是增產(chǎn)”意識，在全面調(diào)查機(jī)收損失原因、精準(zhǔn)制定減損方案措施基礎(chǔ)上，從確保機(jī)具和機(jī)手處于良好狀態(tài)這兩個關(guān)鍵發(fā)力，廣泛組織開展機(jī)收減損大宣傳、大培訓(xùn)、大比武等系列活動，推動主要糧食作物機(jī)收減損取得明顯成效。根據(jù)各省實(shí)地抽測結(jié)果估算，全國主要農(nóng)時糧食機(jī)收環(huán)節(jié)損失率平均降低1個百分點(diǎn)，減少糧食機(jī)收環(huán)節(jié)損失約100億斤。
 
　　今年針對油菜這一重要油料作物，各地也在積極推進(jìn)機(jī)收減損工作。近日，湖北省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳辦公室印發(fā)了《湖北省推進(jìn)油菜機(jī)收減損工作方案》(以下簡稱《工作方案》)，明確提出，2022年，力爭全省油菜機(jī)收損失率降低2個百分點(diǎn)左右；2023-2025年，力爭全省油菜機(jī)收損失率每年降低1個百分點(diǎn)左右。力爭到2025年，全省油菜聯(lián)合機(jī)收損失率控制在8%以內(nèi)、分段機(jī)收損失率控制在6%以內(nèi)，并形成成熟的油菜機(jī)收技術(shù)模式和省級地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
 

 

　　《工作方案》要求深入開展油菜機(jī)收減損情況大調(diào)研、油菜機(jī)收減損政策大宣傳、油菜機(jī)收減損技術(shù)大培訓(xùn)、油菜機(jī)收減損技能大比武以及油菜機(jī)收減損工作大指導(dǎo)。省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳將進(jìn)一步加大農(nóng)機(jī)購置與應(yīng)用補(bǔ)貼政策支持力度，對油料生產(chǎn)急需機(jī)具適當(dāng)提高補(bǔ)貼標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；引導(dǎo)科研單位、農(nóng)機(jī)企業(yè)對現(xiàn)有油菜機(jī)收專用機(jī)具適配改造和研發(fā)攻關(guān)，并加快試制試驗(yàn)、改進(jìn)熟化、鑒定檢測和推廣應(yīng)用步伐；積極推進(jìn)菜籽油加工成套設(shè)施裝備補(bǔ)貼試點(diǎn)，為油菜全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈發(fā)展提供堅(jiān)實(shí)的機(jī)械化支撐；支持各地在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)社會化服務(wù)項(xiàng)目、產(chǎn)糧(油)大縣獎勵資金等，對油菜機(jī)收環(huán)節(jié)給予重點(diǎn)支持。各地要通過報(bào)刊、電視、廣播、網(wǎng)絡(luò)、短視頻、明白紙、微信群等群眾喜聞樂見的傳播渠道，大力宣傳促進(jìn)油料作物止損增產(chǎn)的重要意義、支持大豆油料擴(kuò)種的相關(guān)政策、油菜機(jī)收減損技術(shù)指導(dǎo)意見(參見附件1、附件2)和油菜機(jī)收作業(yè)質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等，引導(dǎo)廣大農(nóng)機(jī)手和農(nóng)戶牢固樹立“減損就是增產(chǎn)”意識，力爭在油菜收獲前，實(shí)現(xiàn)對基層農(nóng)業(yè)干部、農(nóng)機(jī)服務(wù)組織、油菜種植大戶等重點(diǎn)人群和主體全覆蓋。
 
　　《工作方案》提出，各油菜主產(chǎn)市、縣在實(shí)施高素質(zhì)農(nóng)民培育等項(xiàng)目時，要將油菜機(jī)收減損政策和技術(shù)作為重點(diǎn)培訓(xùn)課程，把油菜機(jī)收專業(yè)農(nóng)機(jī)手納入重點(diǎn)培訓(xùn)對象。力爭在今年油菜夏收之前對機(jī)手全部輪訓(xùn)一遍，切實(shí)提高農(nóng)機(jī)手減損增產(chǎn)意識、政策理論水平和規(guī)范操作技能。各地應(yīng)因時因地選擇分段或聯(lián)合機(jī)收方式，千方百計(jì)降低油菜機(jī)收損失率。對畝產(chǎn)150公斤以下的中低產(chǎn)田，可采取聯(lián)合機(jī)收方式；而對畝產(chǎn)150公斤以上，尤其是畝產(chǎn)180公斤以上的高產(chǎn)田，建議采取分段收獲方式。采用聯(lián)合機(jī)收的，應(yīng)在油菜植株中上部莖稈明顯退綠、角果枯黃時(超過九成熟)，采用油菜聯(lián)合收割機(jī)一次性進(jìn)行收割；收割機(jī)要加裝油菜專用割臺和邊刀，振動篩上要加一層鐵篩網(wǎng)。采取分段機(jī)收的，應(yīng)在油菜全株角果70%-80%落黃，主莖中部角果籽粒呈該品種固有籽粒顏色時，采用人力或機(jī)械進(jìn)行割倒平鋪，5-7天后再使用機(jī)械進(jìn)行撿拾脫粒。夏收期間，鼓勵各地通過舉辦油菜機(jī)收減損技能大比武等活動，以賽促訓(xùn)、以賽提技，千方百計(jì)降低油菜機(jī)收損失率。
 
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