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石門油菜機(jī)收忙,“稻油輪作”提效益

2022-05-16 10:28:19 來源：湖南省常德市石門縣農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村局 宋清華 楊春沅 閱讀量：32852 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀：5月6日，在湖南省常德市石門縣易家渡鎮(zhèn)的軍檔橋糧油專業(yè)合作社油菜種植區(qū)，正忙碌著機(jī)收油菜籽的負(fù)責(zé)人謝敏激動(dòng)地對(duì)筆者說。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 地方農(nóng)機(jī)】5月6日，在湖南省常德市石門縣易家渡鎮(zhèn)的軍檔橋糧油專業(yè)合作社油菜種植區(qū)，正忙碌著機(jī)收油菜籽的負(fù)責(zé)人謝敏激動(dòng)地對(duì)筆者說：“我們合作社種植的1350畝稻油水旱輪作試點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目，采取全程機(jī)耕、機(jī)播、機(jī)施肥、綠色種養(yǎng)循環(huán)農(nóng)業(yè)重施有機(jī)肥以及機(jī)收等措施，2022年可獲畝產(chǎn)151.5公斤，僅油菜籽一項(xiàng)就有61萬(wàn)多元的收益，增產(chǎn)、增收、增效明顯。”
 
　　近年來，該縣實(shí)施稻油水旱輪作試點(diǎn)，堅(jiān)持以增加農(nóng)民收入為目標(biāo)，以“良種良法良機(jī)”相配套，以試點(diǎn)主體為依托，集成組裝推廣以品種為核心的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，政府按每畝100元購(gòu)買機(jī)耕、開廂、起壟、機(jī)播、施肥等全程機(jī)械社會(huì)化服務(wù)，并免費(fèi)提供種子、硼肥和封閉性除草劑等生產(chǎn)資料。重點(diǎn)支持家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)、糧油專業(yè)合作社和農(nóng)機(jī)服務(wù)組織等新型經(jīng)營(yíng)主體參與稻油輪作試點(diǎn)，開展社會(huì)化服務(wù)，在蒙泉、夾山、易家渡等鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)辦好高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)示范片，帶動(dòng)全縣稻油水旱輪作油菜產(chǎn)業(yè)的高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。使得該縣2021年稻油輪試點(diǎn)作面積達(dá)到了29908畝，全縣種植油菜總面積達(dá)到了430792畝。
 
　　謝敏說：“實(shí)行‘稻油輪作’后，推行綠色種養(yǎng)循環(huán)農(nóng)業(yè)重施有機(jī)肥，提升了土壤的有機(jī)質(zhì)和肥力，在‘種地’的同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)了‘養(yǎng)地’，既提升了土地的利用率，也延長(zhǎng)了土地的使用壽命。”
 
　　在謝敏的油菜田里，收割機(jī)把油菜稈抓進(jìn)機(jī)箱，被機(jī)器粉碎后均勻地灑在稻田里，實(shí)現(xiàn)了秸稈還田，油菜籽則從存儲(chǔ)箱里吐進(jìn)了尼龍袋。“我兩臺(tái)收割機(jī)，一天可收油菜110畝，現(xiàn)在正搶抓晴好天氣，預(yù)計(jì)10多天就可收完。”謝敏說。
 
　　現(xiàn)在該縣稻油輪作的29908畝油菜全部使用機(jī)械化收割。其他常規(guī)油菜也宜機(jī)收則機(jī)收，不宜機(jī)收則人工搶收。因此，全縣幾十個(gè)農(nóng)機(jī)專業(yè)合作社上百臺(tái)收割機(jī)齊上陣搶收油菜實(shí)行顆粒歸倉(cāng)。
 
　　經(jīng)測(cè)產(chǎn)，該縣今年稻油輪作油菜畝產(chǎn)131.4公斤，較常規(guī)油菜每畝123.98公斤增7.42公斤，且稻油輪作油菜顆粒飽滿，出油率高，每畝收益較常規(guī)油菜要高出10%以上。

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