今日要聞

洪澇災(zāi)后農(nóng)作物病蟲害防治技術(shù)指導(dǎo)意見來了!

2023-08-04 09:07:46 來源:全國農(nóng)技推廣中心 閱讀量:15785 評論

導(dǎo)讀:為做好臺風(fēng)洪澇災(zāi)后農(nóng)作物病蟲害防控工作,減輕災(zāi)害損失,全國農(nóng)技推廣中心制定了《臺風(fēng)洪澇災(zāi)害后主要農(nóng)作物病蟲害防治技術(shù)指導(dǎo)意見》。

  【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 熱點關(guān)注】近期以來,受臺風(fēng)“杜蘇芮”等的影響,東南沿海等地遭受暴雨、大暴雨侵襲,江淮、黃淮東部和京津冀等地出現(xiàn)強(qiáng)降雨天氣,部分地區(qū)田間積水較多、澇漬嚴(yán)重,導(dǎo)致水稻、玉米、花生、大豆、蔬菜等農(nóng)作物長勢弱、傷口多、抗性差,非常有利于各種病蟲害的發(fā)生。為做好臺風(fēng)洪澇災(zāi)后農(nóng)作物病蟲害防控工作,減輕災(zāi)害損失,全國農(nóng)技推廣中心制定了《臺風(fēng)洪澇災(zāi)害后主要農(nóng)作物病蟲害防治技術(shù)指導(dǎo)意見》。
 
  防治要點
 
  水稻病蟲害。暴雨和臺風(fēng)影響后,田間水層高、濕度大,植株傷口多,極有利于病害侵染流行。災(zāi)后要搶晴抓早,立即噴施噻唑鋅或噻霉酮等藥劑,預(yù)防細(xì)菌性條斑病、白葉枯病、細(xì)菌性基腐病等細(xì)菌性病害發(fā)生。當(dāng)田間出現(xiàn)葉瘟急性病斑或發(fā)病中心以及紋枯病病株時,可選用三環(huán)唑、春雷霉素、枯草芽孢桿菌、申嗪霉素、多抗霉素,以及井岡霉素A、井岡•蠟芽菌、咪銅•氟環(huán)唑、多抗霉素等藥劑進(jìn)行防治。
 
  受臺風(fēng)影響,稻飛虱、稻縱卷葉螟可隨降雨大量遷入,導(dǎo)致田間蟲量突增。稻飛虱在稻株下部刺吸植株,為害隱蔽,防治不及時易引起“冒穿”倒伏嚴(yán)重減產(chǎn)。當(dāng)?shù)撅w虱田間蟲量達(dá)到1000頭/百叢的防治指標(biāo)時,要搶晴噴施殺蟲劑防治,藥劑可選用金龜子綠僵菌CQMa421、球孢白僵菌、醚菊酯、吡蚜酮、烯啶蟲胺、呋蟲胺、三氟苯嘧啶等品種。要密切關(guān)注稻縱卷葉螟田間蛾量和幼蟲量,處于分蘗期的稻田可適當(dāng)放寬防治指標(biāo),利用植株補(bǔ)償能力和自然天敵控害作用;單季稻孕穗至抽穗期,當(dāng)卷葉或束葉尖達(dá)到60個/百叢的防治指標(biāo)時,可選用甘藍(lán)夜蛾核型多角體病毒、金龜子綠僵菌CQMa421等微生物制劑或氯蟲苯甲酰胺、茚蟲威、四氯蟲酰胺等化學(xué)藥劑進(jìn)行防治。
 
  玉米病蟲害。大雨、泥沙、漬澇等易造成玉米植株受傷,抗性變?nèi)?。要在排澇除濕、中耕松土,噴施氨基寡糖素、蕓薹素內(nèi)酯等免疫誘抗或生長調(diào)節(jié)劑,增強(qiáng)作物抗性的基礎(chǔ)上,針對玉米基腐病、葉斑病、枯萎病等細(xì)菌性病害可能重發(fā)的情況,及時噴施嘧啶核苷類抗菌素、井岡霉素等藥劑進(jìn)行防治。
 
  針對瘤黑粉病、褐斑病、小斑病、紋枯病、南方銹病等真菌病害,可選用多菌靈、吡唑醚菌酯、戊唑醇等藥劑進(jìn)行防治。對于草地貪夜蛾、棉鈴蟲等遷飛性害蟲,可選用氯蟲苯甲酰胺、甲維鹽等推薦用藥進(jìn)行防治。
 
  花生病蟲害。雨后驟晴,田間高溫高濕易導(dǎo)致花生葉斑病、果腐病、白絹病,以及棉鈴蟲、斜紋夜蛾、甜菜夜蛾等食葉害蟲的發(fā)生,要立即組織開展防治。對于花生葉部病害可選用聯(lián)苯三唑醇、氟環(huán)唑、烯唑醇、三唑酮等殺菌劑進(jìn)行葉面噴霧防治;花生果腐病可選用多菌靈、嘧菌酯、三唑酮、多抗霉素等噴霧防治;白絹病可選用氟酰胺、噻呋酰胺等殺菌劑兌水噴淋植株莖基部;棉鈴蟲、斜紋夜蛾等食葉害蟲,可用氯蟲苯甲酰胺、甲維鹽等葉面噴霧。病蟲害發(fā)生嚴(yán)重時,在第一次施藥7—10天后再噴施1次。
 
  大豆病蟲害。洪水過后,田間濕度大,易滋生病蟲害。黃淮地區(qū)要重點防治大豆根腐病、銹病、霜霉病、灰斑病和蚜蟲、豆莢螟、食心蟲等病蟲害??蛇x用精甲霜靈•咯菌腈、吡唑•氟環(huán)唑、苯甲•丙環(huán)唑、嘧菌酯、多菌靈等殺菌劑,吡蟲啉等殺蟲劑,進(jìn)行噴霧防治。此外,災(zāi)后大豆長勢弱、持續(xù)高溫等易引起大豆癥青,可葉面噴施硼肥和氨基酸、氨基寡糖、香菇多糖等營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)或免疫誘抗劑,增強(qiáng)植物自身抗逆能力。同時,選用噻蟲胺、呋蟲胺等防治點蜂緣蝽、飛虱、薊馬等介質(zhì)害蟲。
 
  蔬菜病害。水災(zāi)導(dǎo)致蔬菜植株受損、抵抗力弱,加之田間高溫高濕,極有利于瓜類、茄果類、十字花科、豆科蔬菜等多種病害發(fā)生。要在及時疏通排水、中耕松土的基礎(chǔ)上,對長勢差、植株抵抗力弱的田塊,及時噴施氨基寡糖素、赤•吲乙•蕓苔等免疫誘抗劑增強(qiáng)植株抗病性。要堅持預(yù)防為主的原則,雨后及時噴施代森錳鋅、百菌清、代森鋅等保護(hù)性殺菌劑預(yù)防病害的發(fā)生。
 
  針對漬水后疫病、莖基腐病、青枯病、根腐病等土傳病害高發(fā)態(tài)勢,及時采用枯草芽孢桿菌、多粘類芽孢桿菌、蠟質(zhì)芽孢桿菌、木霉菌、噁霉靈、多菌靈、福美雙等藥劑進(jìn)行灌根或潑澆處理。針對葉果等部位病害,在霜霉病、疫病、炭疽病等真菌性病害發(fā)生初期,噴施寡雄腐霉、多抗霉素、烯酰嗎啉、氟吡菌胺•烯酰嗎啉、霜霉威、吡唑醚菌酯、苯醚甲環(huán)唑、醚菌酯、嘧菌酯等藥劑進(jìn)行防治;針對軟腐病、細(xì)菌性角斑病等細(xì)菌性病害可噴施中生菌素、噻霉酮、噻唑鋅、氫氧化銅、琥膠肥酸銅、喹啉酮等藥劑防治。用藥時要注意交替用藥和用藥安全間隔期。
 
  注意事項
 
  注意科學(xué)用藥。臺風(fēng)和洪澇后應(yīng)急施藥預(yù)防病蟲害,農(nóng)藥品種宜選用高含量單劑,避免使用低含量復(fù)配劑,確保防治效果。多種殺菌劑、殺蟲劑混用時,應(yīng)注意不同品種藥劑的混用要求,避免相互作用影響藥效。
 
  選擇合適藥械。災(zāi)后田間積水較多、土壤濕度較大地塊不適宜人工和大型機(jī)械下田作業(yè),可選用植保無人機(jī)等航空植保器械噴灑作業(yè),畝噴液量不低于1.5升,并在藥液中添加植物油類、有機(jī)硅類和聚合物類的沉降劑、抗蒸發(fā)劑等適宜飛防的助劑。較干燥的田塊大面積作業(yè)可選用地面自走式噴桿噴霧機(jī),畝噴液量一般控制在10~15升,小面積作業(yè)可采用人工背負(fù)式噴霧器,畝噴液量一般控制在15升左右。
 
  預(yù)防中毒事故。雨后高溫高濕天氣田間施藥容易發(fā)生中暑和中毒事故,施藥作業(yè)時間盡量避開中午高溫時段,選擇在上午9點前或下午16點后進(jìn)行,遇風(fēng)力大于3級以上或下雨天氣,應(yīng)停止施藥。施藥時要注意做好安全防護(hù),穿戴好防護(hù)服、口罩、手套等防護(hù)用品。施藥過程中不吃東西、不吸煙,避免發(fā)生中毒事故。施藥后要及時洗手、洗澡、換衣,并將噴霧器械清洗干凈。
 
我要評論
文明上網(wǎng),理性發(fā)言。(您還可以輸入200個字符)

所有評論僅代表網(wǎng)友意見,與本站立場無關(guān)。

產(chǎn)品推薦 更多

[{"ID":"2723317","Picture":"00450ea57bc9bc7d06c9957a2b2816ce434a46dff3e687d4fc255843f5f3e6ed4baa8e66e7055d2d.jpg","PictureDomain":"img76","Name":"銷售一體化消防水箱","Type":"","Descrip":"地埋一體化消防水箱高強(qiáng)度的沖壓板及箱內(nèi)分布均勻的不銹鋼拉筋使箱體承壓均勻合理。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)沖壓板塊,隨意裝配,現(xiàn)場組裝焊接,無滲漏現(xiàn)象,1M立方米至2000立方米隨意組合,現(xiàn)場組裝。地埋式箱泵一體化泵站消防水箱質(zhì)量控制","CompanyName":"鹽城思源給排水設(shè)備有限公司","CompanyID":"129307","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"94","City":"鹽城市","Address":"鹽城市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"239","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51559248","StandUrl":"/st129307","UpdateTime":"2024/12/23 6:08:59","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102723317","UserID":"142296","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1686849","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"吳女士","TelPhone":"13851176506","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"各種型號尺寸的不銹鋼拼裝水箱,變頻恒壓供水設(shè)備,地埋式箱泵一體化,消防增壓穩(wěn)壓供水設(shè)備,無負(fù)壓供水設(shè)備,污水提升泵站,隔油池","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"23228","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2014/6/5 3:08:02","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13851176506"},{"ID":"3156747","Picture":"mt0001/6e41f53139e533fd05609fec1e78f09eb8f83b9431a964d0191b3beede44d8b35ea90175529e2588.jpg","PictureDomain":"img59","Name":"精新JB-5比表面積測試儀","Type":"JB-5型","Descrip":"精新比表面積測試儀 ,采用氮吸附動態(tài)法測定粉體比表面積,4個工作分析站,同時可以測試4種樣品,適合產(chǎn)量大、品種多的生產(chǎn)企業(yè)。分析范圍:0.0005m2/g~無上限;測試精度高、重現(xiàn)性好。采用雙氣源動態(tài)氣相色譜法,以氦氣作為載氣,氮氣為被吸附氣體作為測試氣體,對不同樣品的固體表面進(jìn)行分析,能快速測試各行業(yè)粉體、顆粒等材料的比表面積。","CompanyName":"成都精新粉體測試設(shè)備有限公司","CompanyID":"140665","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"248","City":"成都市","Address":"成都市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"67","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51559242","StandUrl":"/st140665","UpdateTime":"2024/12/23 6:02:11","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"103156747","UserID":"153655","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1946648","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"李曉","TelPhone":"028-83177668 83173777","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"主要產(chǎn)品:全自動激光粒度儀,顯微圖象分析儀,比表面積測試儀,振實密度儀,濕法激光粒度儀,干法激光粒度儀,噴霧激光粒度儀,在線控制儀。","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"5502","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/10/9 1:31:45","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13980051653"},{"ID":"3075931","Picture":"mt0001/a3945802848bd36ef586a6800fdcba6f888cae34115b3d376eb1d99fa0d0b84dc3c10909f4a7aee3.jpg","PictureDomain":"img67","Name":"BYK光澤度儀多少錢","Type":"","Descrip":"上海鼎徵儀器儀表設(shè)備有限公司代理BYK光澤度儀BYK 微型光澤儀","CompanyName":"上海鼎振儀器設(shè)備有限公司","CompanyID":"139215","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"3","City":"上海市","Address":"上海市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"90","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51559242","StandUrl":"/st139215","UpdateTime":"2024/12/23 6:02:05","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"103075931","UserID":"152205","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1899240","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"謝文清","TelPhone":"86-21-32535037","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"檢測儀器","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"7294","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/7/4 21:00:26","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13472521719"},{"ID":"2930734","Picture":"mt0001/bd7efc5a29860fb42110275a454ea159d82e8014ce0709cca6d5883a28068a9c2b2aaf9010a53a0f.jpg","PictureDomain":"img70","Name":"銷售UltraScan PRO供應(yīng)商","Type":"UltraScan PRO","Descrip":"HunterLab UltraScan PRO 測色儀為一款超高精度的專業(yè)分光測色儀,可用于嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)目茖W(xué)研究及質(zhì)檢中。它可以測量光譜反射率、透過率及霧度。它符合CIE, ASTM及USP有關(guān)顏色測量的所有規(guī)定。它性能穩(wěn)定、測量精確并符合多項標(biāo)準(zhǔn),因此不論是固體、液體以至透明的樣品,都能取得可靠的顏色測量結(jié)果。","CompanyName":"上海信聯(lián)創(chuàng)作電子有限公司","CompanyID":"135498","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"392","City":"國外","Address":"國外","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"90","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51559241","StandUrl":"/st135498","UpdateTime":"2024/12/23 6:01:10","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102930734","UserID":"148488","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1836275","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"衛(wèi)小姐","TelPhone":"021-64850134","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"HunterLab;ColorQuest XE; BlueM固化爐;色差儀;測色儀; 烘箱;澳大利亞Wolf在線膜厚檢測","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"13439","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/3/18 16:02:08","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13916482192,13917955045"},{"ID":"2838932","Picture":"15503715273aa74d3b53659a5837f5a7f81941a5cc5629ae5c9629dc600890352650e75d1d88af7c.jpg","PictureDomain":"img68","Name":"手持式氮氧化物分析儀","Type":"","Descrip":"二氧化氯在線檢測儀應(yīng)用:石油化工,工業(yè)生產(chǎn),冶煉鍛造,電力,煤礦,隧道工程,環(huán)境監(jiān)測,污水處理","CompanyName":"深圳市逸云天電子有限公司","CompanyID":"128784","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"214","City":"深圳市","Address":"深圳市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"82","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51559240","StandUrl":"/st128784","UpdateTime":"2024/12/23 6:00:02","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"0","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102838932","UserID":"141773","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1684783","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"崔殿","TelPhone":"0755-26991270","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"氣體檢測儀,氯氣報警器,四合一氣體檢測儀,可燃?xì)怏w報警器,可燃?xì)怏w檢測儀,氮氧化物分析儀,氮氧化物檢測儀,氫氣檢測儀,氫氣報警器,硫化氫檢測儀","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"32689","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2023/10/23 18:04:55","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13480931872"},{"ID":"2721112","Picture":"5646a23e59c2327189d136daacea928641b40f796eb4cadbd8675d7e375c5672349697e392209d3c.png","PictureDomain":"img66","Name":"供應(yīng)開關(guān)電源","Type":"HIMAB9302","Descrip":"時代先鋒,APOLLO DCS-30DV1-21.歐美*,*,可提供海關(guān)報關(guān)單及原廠證明2.德國公司源頭采購,享受本土低價,切實節(jié)省采購成本3.攜手優(yōu)秀物流服務(wù)商,確保貨期準(zhǔn)確和降低貨物耗損4.嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行國家保修規(guī)定,與供應(yīng)商合作確保貨物質(zhì)量5.快速報價,合作有禮,保證快速的報價速度,VIP體驗","CompanyName":"上海荊戈工業(yè)控制設(shè)備有限公司","CompanyID":"129211","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"394","City":"上海","Address":"上海","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"146","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51559233","StandUrl":"/st129211","UpdateTime":"2024/12/23 5:53:38","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102721112","UserID":"142200","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1685128","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"王煒煒","TelPhone":"021-51182812","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"傳感器,閥,泵,開關(guān),電機(jī)","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"29332","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2017/10/13 14:24:34","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"17602156986"}]