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畜牧業(yè)汛期防災(zāi)減災(zāi)技術(shù)指導(dǎo)意見

2023-08-08 16:10:10 來源：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部畜牧獸醫(yī)局 閱讀量：11286 評論

導(dǎo)讀：近期，華北、東北和沿海等地出現(xiàn)強降雨、臺風(fēng)、洪澇等災(zāi)害，8、9月份仍是自然災(zāi)害的多發(fā)頻發(fā)期，畜牧業(yè)正常生產(chǎn)秩序受到影響，動物疫情發(fā)生和傳播風(fēng)險增加。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 熱點關(guān)注】近期，華北、東北和沿海等地出現(xiàn)強降雨、臺風(fēng)、洪澇等災(zāi)害，8、9月份仍是自然災(zāi)害的多發(fā)頻發(fā)期，畜牧業(yè)正常生產(chǎn)秩序受到影響，動物疫情發(fā)生和傳播風(fēng)險增加。為有效應(yīng)對災(zāi)害天氣影響，最大程度降低災(zāi)害損失，穩(wěn)定畜牧業(yè)生產(chǎn)，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部畜牧獸醫(yī)局提出以下技術(shù)和工作措施。
 
　　（一）加強災(zāi)害監(jiān)測預(yù)警和物資儲備。加強重大天氣變化預(yù)判預(yù)警，充分利用廣播電視、短信微信、鄉(xiāng)村大喇叭等手段，及時發(fā)布預(yù)警信息和防災(zāi)減災(zāi)技術(shù)措施。提前組織對畜禽養(yǎng)殖場進(jìn)行全面安全檢查，及時修補加固養(yǎng)殖建筑設(shè)施漏水、不牢部位。重點防范丘陵山區(qū)山體滑坡和低洼地區(qū)雨水倒灌災(zāi)害，必要時提前將畜禽轉(zhuǎn)移至安全場所飼養(yǎng)。指導(dǎo)養(yǎng)殖場(戶)貯備一定量的飼草飼料、藥品及防洪設(shè)備等物資，確保應(yīng)急物資儲備充足。主動加強與氣象、交通、保險等有關(guān)部門溝通協(xié)調(diào)，共同做好防災(zāi)減災(zāi)工作。
 
　　（二）強化災(zāi)后畜禽飼養(yǎng)管理。受災(zāi)的養(yǎng)殖場(戶)，要及時做好清理淤泥雜物，修復(fù)加固養(yǎng)殖圈舍。關(guān)注災(zāi)后水源地、飲水井和飲水管線衛(wèi)生狀況，按要求開展飲水消毒，確保飲水質(zhì)量安全。飼料飼喂前應(yīng)仔細(xì)檢查，不用霉變飼料飼喂畜禽，防止中毒。做好飼料營養(yǎng)調(diào)控，適當(dāng)添加一些多維、電解質(zhì)等抗應(yīng)激劑及免疫增強劑，減少應(yīng)激反應(yīng)。
 
　　（三）全面落實消毒防疫措施。結(jié)合“大清洗大消毒”專項行動，建立健全災(zāi)后動物防疫消毒制度和操作技術(shù)規(guī)程，強化工作條件保障，扎實推進(jìn)災(zāi)后消毒工作。根據(jù)消毒對象，科學(xué)選擇消毒藥品，突出抓好災(zāi)區(qū)畜禽圈舍、屠宰場點、病死畜禽中轉(zhuǎn)場所、無害化處理場、畜禽交易市場等重點場所的消毒工作，嚴(yán)防動物疫情傳播，確保“大災(zāi)之后無大疫”。
 
　　（四）抓好動物疫病防治。充分發(fā)揮分片包村排查工作機制作用，加強災(zāi)區(qū)動物疫病監(jiān)測排查。發(fā)現(xiàn)畜禽發(fā)病和死亡的，要及時報告、及時處置。毫不松懈抓好非洲豬瘟常態(tài)化防控，組織做好口蹄疫、高致病性禽流感等重大動物疫病以及布魯氏菌病、炭疽等重點人畜共患病的動物免疫工作。結(jié)合春防檢查評估結(jié)果，對免疫抗體水平不達(dá)標(biāo)或較低的畜禽場群及時開展補免，筑牢動物防疫屏障。
 
　　（五）做好死亡畜禽無害化處理。及時打撈收集死亡畜禽，嚴(yán)格落實屬地管理責(zé)任、部門監(jiān)管責(zé)任和養(yǎng)殖場(戶)主體責(zé)任，積極聯(lián)合當(dāng)?shù)卮迕?，組成打撈隊伍，全域及時打撈收集，確保無死亡畜禽漂浮。加強死亡畜禽的運輸管理，死亡畜禽運輸車輛應(yīng)防水、防滲、耐腐蝕、易清洗消毒，運輸過程中要盡量避免經(jīng)過人口聚居區(qū)、畜禽養(yǎng)殖密集區(qū)。要嚴(yán)格做好死亡畜禽的無害化處理，按照農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部《病死及病害動物無害化處理技術(shù)規(guī)范》要求規(guī)范處理，盡可能選擇無害化處理場集中處理，優(yōu)先采用化制等方法，確因條件無法滿足的，要合理選擇深埋地點，規(guī)范做好養(yǎng)殖場地及深埋點消殺工作，嚴(yán)防病原外溢和污染環(huán)境。不得買賣、加工、隨意棄置因災(zāi)死亡畜禽。
 
　　（六）加強畜產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)銷銜接。針對災(zāi)后可能出現(xiàn)的飼草料等投入品及出欄畜禽調(diào)運困難，及時發(fā)布供求和價格信息，指導(dǎo)做好產(chǎn)銷銜接，暢通運輸和銷售渠道。組織協(xié)調(diào)附近種畜禽生產(chǎn)企業(yè)與養(yǎng)殖場戶對接，保障補欄仔畜雛禽供應(yīng)。積極協(xié)調(diào)交通運輸部門，優(yōu)先保證飼草料、獸藥、種畜禽、仔畜雛禽物流暢通，維護(hù)畜牧業(yè)正常生產(chǎn)秩序，保證市場有效供應(yīng)。
 

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