今日要聞

2024年山西省高粱生產技術指導意見

2024-04-02 08:33:51 來源：山西省農業(yè)農村廳 閱讀量：14533 評論

導讀：高粱忌連作，前茬以大豆、玉米、馬鈴薯等茬口為宜。要注意了解前茬除草劑使用情況，避免對高粱造成藥害。建議在秋季前茬收獲后抓緊秸稈粉碎還田和整地，耕翻深度25～30厘米。

　　【農機網 地方農機】 為切實加強技術支撐，進一步提升我省高粱生產水平，結合氣象條件和生產實際，特制定2024年山西省高粱生產技術指導意見。
 
　　一、選擇良種
 
　　因地制宜選擇經審(認)定、登記推廣的優(yōu)質、高產、抗逆性強的專用品種。晉北地區(qū)高粱種植以早熟品種為主，可選擇敖雜1號、晉早5564、晉早5577、晉雜28號、晉雜41號、晉雜22號、晉雜12號、紅糯16號等品種。晉中、晉東南、晉南地區(qū)高粱種植以中晚熟品種為主，可選擇晉中405、晉雜34號、晉雜31號、晉雜22號、晉雜12號、晉粱111、晉糯3號、晉糯102、紅糯16號、紅纓子等品種。
 
　　二、選地整地
 
　　高粱忌連作，前茬以大豆、玉米、馬鈴薯等茬口為宜。要注意了解前茬除草劑使用情況，避免對高粱造成藥害。建議在秋季前茬收獲后抓緊秸稈粉碎還田和整地，耕翻深度25～30厘米,耕后地表平整，無大土塊和殘茬，表土上虛下實，達到“春墑秋保、春苗秋抓”的目的。
 
　　三、適期播種
 
　　(一)播期。依據品種生育期、地溫和土壤墑情確定播期。一般5厘米耕層地溫穩(wěn)定在10～12℃時，土壤含水量在15%～20%為宜。晉北地區(qū)適播期大多在5月中旬，晉中、晉東南、晉南地區(qū)適播期多在5月初。晚熟品種適時搶墑早播，早熟品種適時晚播。春旱嚴重的山區(qū)、坡地、朝陽地塊，可適時早播，低洼易澇、平原地塊適當晚播。
 
　　(二)種子處理。播種前進行曬種，在戶外陽光下將種子平鋪3～5厘米厚，曬2～3天即可。建議選用經種子包衣或藥劑處理后的種子。
 
　　(三)播種方法。等行距種植，行距50～60厘米；寬窄行種植，寬行行距70～80厘米，窄行行距30厘米。播種深度3～4厘米，播后完成覆土、鎮(zhèn)壓。
 
　　四、合理密植
 
　　根據品種特點、當地生態(tài)、生產條件、土壤肥力和種植習慣等確定密度。粒用高粱中稈品種(株高在1.6～1.8米)畝留苗一般在0.7萬～0.8萬株，矮稈品種(株高在1.3～1.5米)畝留苗可達2萬株。每畝播種量根據種子實際發(fā)芽率進行適量播種，一般發(fā)芽率在95%以上的，中稈品種畝播種量0.3～0.5公斤。一般發(fā)芽率在80%～90%的，中稈品種畝播種量0.5～0.7公斤。精量播種機播種時要做好清選、曬種，保證種子大小均勻、整齊一致。
 
　　五、田間管理
 
　　(一)間苗除草。精量播種地塊可不間苗。人工間苗在4～6葉期進行，除草可結合間苗和中耕進行2次。在播種后出苗前噴施高粱專用除草劑(50%異丙甲草胺·莠去津懸浮劑150～200克/畝對水32升)封閉除草。一般不建議苗后化學除草，易產生藥害。若必須苗后除草，可在3～5葉期前后根據田間不同雜草類型選用適宜的高粱專用苗后除草劑除草，注意施用劑量及施用時期。
 
　　(二)肥水管理。分期施肥、科學減量，增施基肥、施足種肥，適時追肥。一般畝施農家肥3000公斤、氮磷鉀復合肥(優(yōu)選高氮、中磷、低鉀配比、總養(yǎng)分含量達40%以上的肥料)25～40公斤，可根據當地土壤基礎養(yǎng)分情況和目標產量適當調整。農家肥作底肥，復合肥結合播種一次性施入，為提高產量，可在拔節(jié)期畝追施10～15公斤尿素或在拔節(jié)期和灌漿期分別選用磷酸二氫鉀100克+蕓苔素內酯5毫升+尿素100克，對水30～40升，葉面噴施高粱全株。施種肥時注意種、肥分開，以防燒種，影響出苗。高粱耐旱耐澇，但拔節(jié)孕穗和抽穗開花是需水關鍵期，如遇干旱，有條件地區(qū)應及時灌水。
 
　　(三)病蟲害防治。絲黑穗病、螟蟲、蚜蟲是高粱常見病蟲害?？梢虻刂埔说赝ㄟ^輪作倒茬、選用抗病品種、藥劑拌種、適時早播等農業(yè)措施防治。利用頻振燈、黃板等物理措施防治害蟲。拔節(jié)至抽穗開花期注意早防早治蚜蟲，大喇叭口期用藥劑灌心或噴施防治螟蟲。防治絲黑穗病可用6%戊唑醇懸浮種衣劑6～9 克拌100公斤高粱種子。
 
　　六、適時收獲
 
　　適宜收獲期在蠟熟末期，此時收獲籽粒飽滿，產量最高，品質最佳。機收可在籽粒達到完熟期、葉片枯死后，籽粒含水率下降到20%左右時，使用聯合收割機進行收割。

上一篇： 朔州市農業(yè)機械化發(fā)展中心開展春耕備耕農機化安全生產督導工作

下一篇：寧河召開玉米收獲新機具觀摩現場會

我要評論
文明上網，理性發(fā)言。（您還可以輸入200個字符)

所有評論僅代表網友意見，與本站立場無關。

產品推薦 更多

[{"ID":"3147821","Picture":"mt0008/0497b4e3566c1420aa5c7e443cd06c4f1e76ce9e3c2a3cbebc2d36e819097b1dcf654478304ed3bb.jpg","PictureDomain":"img67","Name":"上海市層疊式過濾器","Type":"","Descrip":"不銹鋼層疊式過濾器過濾裝置是由多層重疊過濾網板和框組成，原液經過加壓進入筒體內，從框外邊孔進入再經網板上的過濾介質，從網板中心多個小孔出來，合格液體排出口。濾材可選用增強型濾膜、濾紙、濾布、不銹鋼篩網、尼龍篩網、本機濾膜等，可根據用戶選用合格的耗材。","CompanyName":"美喬過濾系統(tǒng)（上海）有限公司","CompanyID":"130707","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"3","City":"上海市","Address":"上海市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"56","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51471312","StandUrl":"/st130707","UpdateTime":"2024/10/23 4:32:00","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"103147821","UserID":"143696","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1756497","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"陳鵬","TelPhone":"86-21-52210438","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"過濾器，袋式過濾器，不銹鋼過濾器，多袋式過濾器，自清洗過濾器，反沖洗過濾器，過濾袋，濾芯，精密過濾器，管道過濾器等過濾設備","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"9257","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/9/25 5:34:44","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13917917089"},{"ID":"2690238","Picture":"9cbdd297f46fc9b320386a3a52b52a72985db761182abfaa93a55d545a35eb3e015d1b942f43636b.jpg","PictureDomain":"img65","Name":"供應螺桿機筒","Type":"","Descrip":"平雙式機筒廣泛用于空調、家用空調及建筑、化工、冶金、船舶、醫(yī)藥、車輛等行業(yè)的各類冷熱管道、容器的保溫、隔熱是新一代高品質的保溫材料產品。","CompanyName":"舟山市嘉銘機械有限公司","CompanyID":"128769","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"107","City":"舟山市","Address":"舟山市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"107","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51471312","StandUrl":"/st128769","UpdateTime":"2024/10/23 4:32:04","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"0","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102690238","UserID":"141758","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1666362","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"王家明","TelPhone":"0580-8231369","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"螺桿 機筒","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"32981","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2015/8/13 12:24:53","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13905809167"},{"ID":"3070142","Picture":"mt0001/6177b7fad4b495c9e274bc8968b7d6f4db8daa5933f4f6d229c2914ecc4270459407f69f433b17b9.jpg","PictureDomain":"img80","Name":"全自動氮吹儀多少錢","Type":"","Descrip":"NK200-1B可視氮吹儀是采用微電腦處理和PID控制方式結合而形成的高精度溫度控制儀器, 其工作原理是將氮氣快速、連續(xù)、可控地吹到加熱樣品表面，根據被濃縮溶劑的蒸發(fā)速度和沸點，設定加熱溫度，實現大量樣品的快速濃縮。","CompanyName":"南京互川電子有限公司","CompanyID":"138514","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"86","City":"南京市","Address":"南京市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"93","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51471311","StandUrl":"/st138514","UpdateTime":"2024/10/23 4:31:06","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"103070142","UserID":"151504","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1884290","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"嵇","TelPhone":"13913384136","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"微孔板離心機，恒溫金屬浴，多管漩渦混合儀，梅毒旋轉儀,紅外線滅菌器，微孔板恒溫振蕩器，恒溫混勻儀，水平搖床，牛奶抗生素恒溫溫育器，細菌內毒素恒溫檢測儀，PRP凝膠加熱機孵育制備器，脂肪注射器離心機，大自血搖床，氮吹儀。","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"6983","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/6/27 21:51:08","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13913384136,18913382791"},{"ID":"3144307","Picture":"74a34d6b99a3c7321bf95b061458a711939aa9ecda366de4f0c23b55e1e9315fdc68aeb6af996a35.png","PictureDomain":"img52","Name":"氣相色譜配套氮氣發(fā)生器自產自銷","Type":"AYAN-30L","Descrip":"30升氮氣發(fā)生器純度99實驗室小型制氮機AYAN-30LAnyan品牌氮氣發(fā)生器是一種氣體分離技術，以韓國進口膜分離空氣制取高純度的氮氣，空氣經壓縮機壓縮過濾后進入高分子膜過濾器，由于各種氣體在膜中溶解度和擴散系數不同，導致不同氣體在膜中相對滲透速率不同，在一定壓力條件下，利用氧和氮等不同性質的氣體在膜中具有不同的滲透速率來使氧和氮分離","CompanyName":"杭州川一實驗儀器有限公司","CompanyID":"130441","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"99","City":"杭州市","Address":"杭州市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"73","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51471311","StandUrl":"/st130441","UpdateTime":"2024/10/23 4:31:11","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"103144307","UserID":"143430","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1938754","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"倪經理","TelPhone":"","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"低溫恒溫槽、血液融漿機、氮吹儀、小型噴霧干燥機","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"10958","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/9/19 17:14:25","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"19032291360"},{"ID":"3031002","Picture":"5646a23e59c2327158aab4fb811534b7d479403058f8e459727b8c293e757e92fff3fe693fbbefcb.jpg","PictureDomain":"img52","Name":"工業(yè)主時鐘批發(fā)","Type":"","Descrip":"上海航歐專業(yè)銷售ARbiter產品Arbiter衛(wèi)星鐘Arbiter電纜Arbiter避雷器Arbiter光電轉換器 ARbiter主時鐘 ARbiter主時鐘1201B-A01-B01-C01-D00-E06AP0007700 4Modular DB-9 to RJ-11 Adapter, Preconfigured","CompanyName":"上海航歐機電設備公司","CompanyID":"128875","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"3","City":"上海市","Address":"上海市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"48","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51471309","StandUrl":"/st128875","UpdateTime":"2024/10/23 4:29:16","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"0","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"103031002","UserID":"141864","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1669334","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"鄧超","TelPhone":"021-51085161 52391901 52391902 52656681","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"傳感器，電子尺，編碼器，控制器、插裝閥，報警燈，電纜，拖鏈，分配器，馬達，繼電器，電機和進口五金","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"31089","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/5/17 22:12:49","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"15921821180 "},{"ID":"2933348","Picture":"00450ea57bc9bc7d11ce8aca29ac3b43e0c88f2e4a2fbae85a9730cf8855b89a3d98e6b2d9cfd4e6.jpg","PictureDomain":"img64","Name":"Waters氘燈報價","Type":"waters 2998","Descrip":"Waters氘燈201000281 用于ACQUITY PDA/TUV 2489/2998 Performance Maintenance Kit","CompanyName":"廣州信譜徠科學儀器有限公司","CompanyID":"128736","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"213","City":"廣州市","Address":"廣州市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"59","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51471307","StandUrl":"/st128736","UpdateTime":"2024/10/23 4:27:44","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"0","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102933348","UserID":"141725","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1667553","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"莊先生","TelPhone":"86-020-86273813","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"色譜柱，固相萃取柱，標準品，氘燈，石墨管，移液器，針式過濾器，QuECHERS萃取，薄層層析硅膠板，試劑盒","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"33123","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/3/21 2:11:07","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"18011884166"}]