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涉及農(nóng)用無人機(jī)！工信部等四部門聯(lián)合發(fā)文推動(dòng)“低空經(jīng)濟(jì)”發(fā)展

2024-04-02 11:50:05 來源：農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理 閱讀量：40634 評論

導(dǎo)讀：《通用航空裝備創(chuàng)新應(yīng)用實(shí)施方案(2024—2030年)》提出針對農(nóng)林作業(yè)、工業(yè)生產(chǎn)等應(yīng)用需求，不斷提升產(chǎn)品競爭力和市場適應(yīng)性。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 政策與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)】 近日，工業(yè)和信息化部、科學(xué)技術(shù)部、財(cái)政部、中國民用航空局等四部門聯(lián)合印發(fā)《通用航空裝備創(chuàng)新應(yīng)用實(shí)施方案(2024—2030年)》(以下簡稱《實(shí)施方案》)。
 
　　《實(shí)施方案》明確提出，到2027年，我國通用航空裝備供給能力、產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新能力顯著提升，現(xiàn)代化通用航空基礎(chǔ)支撐體系基本建立，高效融合產(chǎn)業(yè)生態(tài)初步形成，通用航空公共服務(wù)裝備體系基本完善，以無人化、電動(dòng)化、智能化為技術(shù)特征的新型通用航空裝備在城市空運(yùn)、物流配送、應(yīng)急救援等領(lǐng)域?qū)崿F(xiàn)商業(yè)應(yīng)用。到 2030 年，以高端化、智能化、綠色化為特征的通用航空產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展新模式基本建立，支撐和保障“短途運(yùn)輸+電動(dòng)垂直起降”客運(yùn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)、“干-支-末”無人機(jī)配送網(wǎng)絡(luò)、滿足工農(nóng)作業(yè)需求的低空生產(chǎn)作業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全高效運(yùn)行，通用航空裝備全面融入人民生產(chǎn)生活各領(lǐng)域，成為低空經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的強(qiáng)大推動(dòng)力，形成萬億級(jí)市場規(guī)模。
 
　　《實(shí)施方案》要求加快提升通用航空裝備技術(shù)水平，提高通用航空裝備可靠性、經(jīng)濟(jì)性及先進(jìn)性。推進(jìn)大中型固定翼飛機(jī)、高原型直升機(jī)，以及無人機(jī)等適航取證并投入運(yùn)營，實(shí)現(xiàn)全域應(yīng)急救援能力覆蓋。針對農(nóng)林作業(yè)、工業(yè)生產(chǎn)等應(yīng)用需求，不斷提升產(chǎn)品競爭力和市場適應(yīng)性。
 
　　《實(shí)施方案》還提出要促進(jìn)傳統(tǒng)通用航空業(yè)務(wù)規(guī)?；\(yùn)行，鼓勵(lì)圍繞航空培訓(xùn)、短途運(yùn)輸、農(nóng)林植保、物探巡檢等傳統(tǒng)通用航空業(yè)務(wù)領(lǐng)域，在川渝、內(nèi)蒙古、黑龍江、新疆等重點(diǎn)地區(qū)開展規(guī)?；?、常態(tài)化運(yùn)行示范。鼓勵(lì)拓寬無人機(jī)在電力巡線、生態(tài)監(jiān)測、航拍航測、航空物探等場景的商業(yè)化應(yīng)用。
 
　　農(nóng)用植保無人飛機(jī)是利用無人機(jī)搭載噴藥裝置，并通過控制系統(tǒng)和傳感器進(jìn)行操控，從而對作物進(jìn)行定量精準(zhǔn)噴藥的航空器。經(jīng)過多年發(fā)展，目前農(nóng)用無人機(jī)可進(jìn)行農(nóng)作物播種(授粉)、撒藥、施肥，以及長勢和病蟲害監(jiān)測等作業(yè)，相對于人工作業(yè)或傳統(tǒng)機(jī)械作業(yè)有著明顯優(yōu)勢。
 
　　我國植保無人機(jī)于2010年左右逐漸開始發(fā)展，雖起步較晚，但速度較快。2014年中央一號(hào)文件明確提出“加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)航空建設(shè)”，這催生了不少植保無人機(jī)企業(yè)的誕生。2014年后，農(nóng)業(yè)部等有關(guān)部門以及部分地方政府出臺(tái)植保無人機(jī)購置補(bǔ)貼政策，大大促進(jìn)了行業(yè)發(fā)展，植保無人機(jī)快速、大范圍進(jìn)入農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中，作業(yè)量連年增長。在十年不到的時(shí)間內(nèi)，農(nóng)用無人機(jī)更新迭代，目前技術(shù)已較為成熟。根據(jù)中國農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械工業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)數(shù)據(jù)，我國植保無人機(jī)銷量由2017年的0.75萬臺(tái)增加至2021年的7.3萬臺(tái)，增速明顯；農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部數(shù)據(jù)顯示，截至2022年底，全國植保無人機(jī)保有量12.1萬架、年作業(yè)10.7億畝次。
 
　　此次四部門聯(lián)合出臺(tái)的《實(shí)施方案》將推動(dòng)通用航空裝備形成萬億級(jí)市場規(guī)模，農(nóng)用無人機(jī)也必將在當(dāng)前基礎(chǔ)上獲得更大規(guī)模、更高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。
 
　　注：本文由農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)(tmpdc.cn)整理發(fā)布，資料來源：工信部、農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部。

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