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國家統(tǒng)計(jì)局：我國拖拉機(jī)總數(shù)由1952年2000臺提高到2022年2144萬臺

2024-09-11 14:17:31 來源：農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：31676 評論

導(dǎo)讀：目前，全國農(nóng)作物耕種收綜合機(jī)械化率超過73%，小麥生產(chǎn)基本實(shí)現(xiàn)全程機(jī)械化，玉米、水稻耕種收綜合機(jī)械化率超過80%。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 熱點(diǎn)關(guān)注】 9月10日，國家統(tǒng)計(jì)局發(fā)布的新中國75年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展成就系列報(bào)告，其中報(bào)告之二“農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展闊步前行 現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)譜寫新篇”顯示，新中國成立75年來，在黨中央的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，我國農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展呈現(xiàn)出翻天覆地的巨大變化，實(shí)現(xiàn)了舉世矚目的跨越發(fā)展。黨的十八大以來，以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央堅(jiān)持把解決好“三農(nóng)”問題作為全黨工作的重中之重，堅(jiān)持農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村優(yōu)先發(fā)展，毫不松懈抓好糧食生產(chǎn)，深入推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革，加快推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化，推動(dòng)農(nóng)業(yè)強(qiáng)國建設(shè)，走出了一條具有鮮明中國特色的農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展之路。
 
圖片來源：千圖網(wǎng)
 
　　報(bào)告顯示，新中國成立初期，我國糧食產(chǎn)量僅2000多億斤，1962年穩(wěn)定在3000億斤以上，1966年達(dá)到4000億斤，1978年改革開放之初超過6000億斤。改革開放以來，隨著家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責(zé)任制的建立實(shí)施，極大激發(fā)了億萬農(nóng)民的生產(chǎn)積極性，解放了農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)力，糧食產(chǎn)量接連跨上新臺階。1984年全國糧食總產(chǎn)量超過8000億斤，1993年超過9000億斤，到1996年首次突破10000億斤大關(guān)，2012年邁上12000億斤臺階。黨的十八大以來，以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央把糧食安全作為治國理政的頭等大事，實(shí)行糧食安全黨政同責(zé)，深入實(shí)施“藏糧于地、藏糧于技”戰(zhàn)略，我國糧食綜合生產(chǎn)能力穩(wěn)步提升，糧食生產(chǎn)開創(chuàng)新局面。2015年糧食產(chǎn)量突破13000億斤，此后連續(xù)9年穩(wěn)定在1.3萬億斤以上。2023年糧食產(chǎn)量達(dá)到13908億斤，比1949年增加1萬多億斤，增長5.1倍；人均糧食產(chǎn)量493公斤，連續(xù)多年超出世界平均水平，也高于國際公認(rèn)的400公斤糧食安全線；糧食單產(chǎn)大幅提升，2023年全國糧食單產(chǎn)389.7公斤/畝，比1949年增加321.1公斤/畝。
 
　　在農(nóng)機(jī)裝備方面，新中國成立以來，我國農(nóng)業(yè)裝備和農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化水平實(shí)現(xiàn)了跨越式發(fā)展，農(nóng)機(jī)裝備總量持續(xù)增長、作業(yè)水平不斷提升、社會化服務(wù)能力顯著增強(qiáng)。1952年全國農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械總動(dòng)力僅18.4萬千瓦，拖拉機(jī)不到2000臺，聯(lián)合收割機(jī)僅284臺。到2022年，全國農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械總動(dòng)力達(dá)到11.1億千瓦，拖拉機(jī)總數(shù)達(dá)到2144.1萬臺，聯(lián)合收割機(jī)總數(shù)達(dá)到173.1萬臺。目前，全國農(nóng)作物耕種收綜合機(jī)械化率超過73%，小麥生產(chǎn)基本實(shí)現(xiàn)全程機(jī)械化，玉米、水稻耕種收綜合機(jī)械化率超過80%，大宗經(jīng)濟(jì)作物、畜禽水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖、果茶菜、設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品初加工等領(lǐng)域的機(jī)械化生產(chǎn)也取得了長足的進(jìn)步，農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)從主要依靠人力畜力向主要依靠機(jī)械動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)型升級，有力提升了農(nóng)業(yè)勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率、土地產(chǎn)出率和資源利用率。
 
　　此外，隨著農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化水平的不斷提升，以設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)為代表的新型農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)模式快速發(fā)展。我國設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)規(guī)模連年擴(kuò)大，產(chǎn)品種類日益豐富，產(chǎn)業(yè)效益持續(xù)提升。2022年我國設(shè)施種植面積達(dá)4270萬畝，占世界設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)總面積的80%以上，已成為設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)第一大國。依托溫室、大棚、垂直農(nóng)場、智能農(nóng)牧場、植物工廠等新模式，突破了自然資源條件的束縛，拓寬了農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展新空間，推動(dòng)肉蛋奶、蔬果、水產(chǎn)品等有效供給持續(xù)提升，更好滿足了人民群眾日益多元化的食物需求，有力提升了“大食物”供給水平。
 
　　注：本文由農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)(tmpdc.cn)整理發(fā)布，資料來源：國家統(tǒng)計(jì)局。

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