合陽多措并舉謀發(fā)展 齊抓共管促生產

2025-01-21 08:41:37 來源：陜西省農業(yè)機械化發(fā)展中心 閱讀量：18795 評論

　　【農機網(wǎng) 地方農機】 合陽古稱“有莘國”，位于陜西東部、黃河西岸，轄11個鎮(zhèn)1個街道辦，215個行政村(社區(qū))，總面積1437平方公里，總人口51萬，是黃河文化的重要發(fā)祥地之一，是中國詩經之鄉(xiāng)、中國廚祖之鄉(xiāng)、中國民間文化之鄉(xiāng)、中國紅提之鄉(xiāng)，也是全國第七批主要農作物生產全程機械化示范縣。
 
　　近年來，農機工作在省市業(yè)務部門的精心指導下，以加快發(fā)展、追趕超越為目標，以打造大農機、服務大農業(yè)為宗旨，圍繞農機化目標任務，克難攻堅，爭創(chuàng)一流，服務三農，助力鄉(xiāng)村振興和農業(yè)農村工作高質量發(fā)展中取得了一些成績。連續(xù)多年被評為農機化工作先進單位。農機駕駛員操作技能水平逐步提升，且在2024全市級農機手大賽中取得了拖拉機技能大比武第一名、第三名，聯(lián)合收割機技能比武大賽第三名，團體比賽三等獎的成績。今年是農機裝備能力提升項目申報及實施的關鍵一年，我們會以省市會議精神為指引，不斷夯實基礎，確保各項農機項目順利開展。
 
　　一、農業(yè)機械擁有量情況
 
　　2024年底，全縣農機總動力42.12萬千瓦，擁有各類農業(yè)機械11441萬臺(套)，聯(lián)合收獲機568臺，大中型拖拉機2807臺，小型拖拉機8634臺；農機具中犁3391臺，旋耕機4638臺，免耕播種機1331臺，精量播種機1316臺，“5335”玉米播種機5臺，小麥寬幅溝播機239臺。全縣農機從業(yè)人員18122人，服務于農業(yè)生產的各個領域。
 
　　二、農業(yè)機械化發(fā)展水平
 
　　2024機械化播種小麥面積34.45萬畝，機播玉米面積40.8萬畝；機械化收獲小麥面積34.45萬畝，占播種面積的 99.9%；機收玉米面積40.02萬畝，占播種面積的98.1%；主要農作物機械化秸稈還田面積73.74萬畝，秸稈還田率達到97.86%，全縣耕種收機械化率達97.6%。
 
　　三、農機經營主體發(fā)展情況
 
　　全縣共發(fā)展19個農機專業(yè)合作社，運營良好的農機專業(yè)合作社有12個，擁有社員966人，總資產達10195萬元，基礎設施面積達13766平方米，擁有大中型拖拉機578，小麥玉米收割機252臺，免耕、精量和旋施播種機859臺，植保機209臺，其它機具1249臺。近年來，隨著合作社的發(fā)展壯大，從傳統(tǒng)的耕、種、管、收服務延伸到土地托管、土地流轉等社會化服務，全力服務“三農”，助力農業(yè)增產，農民增收。
 
　　四、主要做法
 
　　1.經營形式多樣性，實現(xiàn)服務效益提升。在經營形式上，合作社堅持多樣性模式。一是堅持“統(tǒng)、分結合”的經營形式，在農忙季節(jié)實行“五統(tǒng)一”的作業(yè)管理方式，即統(tǒng)一調度、統(tǒng)一服務、統(tǒng)一質量、統(tǒng)一價格、統(tǒng)一結算。二是在農閑季節(jié)，社員可以自行聯(lián)系活路單獨作業(yè)，收入歸農機戶個人擁有，以增加農機戶收入。三是在本區(qū)域作業(yè)尾聲時，由合作社牽頭，組織先進的新型的機具積極參加跨區(qū)作業(yè)。這幾種經營方式既有效的保證了社會化服務的效果，增加了合作社效益積累，也使社員在農閑季節(jié)增加了收入，這種靈活的管理方式是合作社和社員在效益上形成了雙贏的局面，受到了社員的稱贊。
 
　　2.土地連片化經營，促進合作社發(fā)展壯大。為了促進合作社的發(fā)展壯大，合作社積極與一些村級組織聯(lián)系，對閑置和出租的土地進行承包，實現(xiàn)土地連片規(guī)模經營。在承包區(qū)域內大力推廣主要農作物耕、種、管、收全程機械化作業(yè)，積極參與國家各種項目推廣實施，把小麥“3335”、玉米“5335”、保護性耕作技術作為農業(yè)增產，合作社增效、社員增收的主要技術來推廣，以此帶動和擴大土地流轉作業(yè)面積，達到全面提升合作社綜合效益的目的，同時也為合作社的長遠發(fā)展奠定了強大的基礎。
 
　　3.抓好土地托管，解決務工人員后顧之憂。鞏固穩(wěn)定作業(yè)面積是合作社立足農機作業(yè)市場的根本。我們在不斷提高作業(yè)質量和增加服務內容的基礎上，把土地托管作為擴大作業(yè)面積的主要手段之一來抓。為外出務工人員種地難的問題，我們積極調研，拿出切實可行、雙方互利的的辦法抓好土地托管，解決務工人員的后顧之憂。由合作社和托管戶簽訂作業(yè)面積和質量保證書，確保合作社作業(yè)質量和作業(yè)時效的有效性。對一些孤寡老人，制定專門的作業(yè)計劃以在大忙時節(jié)及時解決用機難問題。作業(yè)質量的保證和作業(yè)合同的簽訂，打消托管戶和孤寡人員群眾的顧慮，也贏取群眾的信賴，使作業(yè)面積和作業(yè)區(qū)域不斷擴大，合作社收入顯著提高。
 
　　4.抓好聯(lián)動一盤棋，統(tǒng)籌協(xié)調促發(fā)展。農機合作社是農機服務遷移服務的重要抓手，如何更好的發(fā)揮其作用。在多年的發(fā)展中，我們始終堅持，政府主導，部門主抓，基層聯(lián)動的這一思路，不斷促進農機生產技術水平更上一層。一是堅持依據(jù)農民合作社法的要求，并按照平安農機示范社，從制度建設、管理科學、安全防范、應急救援和農機事故消防演練等多方面入手，發(fā)揮上下聯(lián)動一盤棋的做法，部門抓總，相關科室分管抓，合作社具體抓，讓合作社在發(fā)展中逐步規(guī)范化。截至目前，全縣12個鎮(zhèn)街(辦事處)都有一個負責農機安全生產的服務的農機專業(yè)合作社。二是建立農機應急服務體系，形成農機安全生產的“天網(wǎng)”。我們首先組建了12支縣級農機安全應急服務隊，覆蓋全縣整個農業(yè)生產中，確保應急救援的及時性。其次，在國家深松項目、社會化托管項目和其它項目中，我們在相關設備上安裝了全球定位系統(tǒng)，方便面積統(tǒng)計和應急作業(yè)救援等方面工作。截止目前，已在聯(lián)合收割機安裝設備125臺，拖拉機深松作業(yè)安裝178臺，社會化托管服務安裝155臺。

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