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關(guān)注天氣問題，做好各項(xiàng)農(nóng)業(yè)工作

2018-06-12 15:19:31 來源：中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：43442 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀：近日，第四號(hào)臺(tái)風(fēng)“艾云尼”強(qiáng)勢(shì)來襲。受其影響，海南島、廣東等地有大到暴雨，同時(shí)還伴有雷電、雷暴大風(fēng)等強(qiáng)對(duì)流天氣。

　　【中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 市場(chǎng)行情】近日，第四號(hào)臺(tái)風(fēng)“艾云尼”強(qiáng)勢(shì)來襲。受其影響，海南島、廣東等地有大到暴雨，同時(shí)還伴有雷電、雷暴大風(fēng)等強(qiáng)對(duì)流天氣。
 
　　廣東多地出現(xiàn)水浸街現(xiàn)象，雨水觸電意外頻發(fā)更是讓人提心吊膽，在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上引發(fā)眾議。暴雨不僅給當(dāng)?shù)孛癖姵鲂性斐闪死щy，對(duì)于我們農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展來說，更是影響重大。我們應(yīng)該時(shí)時(shí)關(guān)注天氣狀況，及時(shí)做好應(yīng)對(duì)工作。
 
　　未來幾天天氣預(yù)報(bào)
 
　　預(yù)計(jì)未來幾天，西南地區(qū)東部、江南南部、華南等地自西向東將出現(xiàn)大到暴雨，局地大暴雨；上述部分地區(qū)還有短時(shí)強(qiáng)降水，局地有雷暴大風(fēng)等強(qiáng)對(duì)流天氣。同時(shí)，受冷渦系統(tǒng)影響，內(nèi)蒙古東部、華北中北部、東北地區(qū)等地的部分地區(qū)將先后有中到大雨，局部地區(qū)有暴雨、雷暴大風(fēng)或冰雹等強(qiáng)對(duì)流天氣。
 
　　另外，12-15日，華北南部、黃淮西部、陜西中南部等地有階段性高溫天氣，尚未成熟的小麥可能出現(xiàn)熱枯逼熟。
 
　　氣象條件對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)的影響
 
　　北方氣溫偏高，分散性降水等因素都使得墑情適宜，氣象條件利于春播作物幼苗生長(zhǎng)、冬小麥灌漿成熟及夏玉米適時(shí)播種。
 
　　江南、西南等地陰雨寡照天氣不利于早稻拔節(jié)孕穗，也不利于一季稻返青分蘗、馬鈴薯開花。而受臺(tái)風(fēng)“艾云尼”影響，南方多地出現(xiàn)暴雨或大暴雨，臺(tái)風(fēng)帶來的豐沛降水有效補(bǔ)充了前期降水偏少、庫(kù)塘蓄水的不足，但也有可能造成農(nóng)田被淹、影響早稻授粉結(jié)實(shí)等情況發(fā)生。
 
　　另外，隨著夏季的到來，氣溫逐漸升高，應(yīng)做好高溫?zé)岷︻A(yù)防工作。高溫?zé)岷Χ喟l(fā)生在長(zhǎng)江流域，在水稻抽穗揚(yáng)花期會(huì)對(duì)花粉發(fā)育產(chǎn)生影響，使水稻開花授粉、受精不良。甚至還有可能縮短水稻灌漿期，導(dǎo)致水稻早熟，千粒重下降。對(duì)玉米、馬鈴薯等經(jīng)濟(jì)作物以及果樹、林木也有不同程度的危害。
 
　　農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)工作有序展開
 
　　各地應(yīng)密切關(guān)注天氣變化。北方正值小麥?zhǔn)崭盍罆竦年P(guān)鍵時(shí)期，應(yīng)避開降水時(shí)段，及時(shí)收曬小麥。同時(shí)，加強(qiáng)田間管理，適時(shí)中耕、施肥，合理灌溉，爭(zhēng)取形成豐產(chǎn)群體。特別東北前期受旱地區(qū)應(yīng)根據(jù)苗情、墑情，采取分級(jí)管理，促進(jìn)作物苗情轉(zhuǎn)化升級(jí)，以減輕干旱的不利影響。
 
　　南方地區(qū)要做好灌溉防汛工作，抵御暴雨洪澇和漬害，同時(shí)預(yù)防水稻高溫?zé)岷?。也要注意農(nóng)田水肥管理工作，促進(jìn)水稻和春玉米等作物健壯生長(zhǎng)。
 
　　另外，病蟲害監(jiān)測(cè)及防治工作依然不能懈怠，盡量減少或避免病蟲害對(duì)農(nóng)作物帶來的傷害。室外作業(yè)的農(nóng)民或農(nóng)機(jī)手也要做好防曬消暑工作，注意自身安全。
 
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