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今日小暑：農(nóng)忙正當(dāng)時(shí)

2018-07-07 13:16:16 來(lái)源：中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：27897 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀：小暑是農(nóng)歷二十四節(jié)氣之第十一個(gè)節(jié)氣，夏天的第五個(gè)節(jié)氣，表示季夏時(shí)節(jié)的正式開始；太陽(yáng)到達(dá)黃經(jīng)105度時(shí)叫小暑節(jié)氣。在農(nóng)事上，小暑節(jié)氣，各地農(nóng)民搶抓農(nóng)時(shí)對(duì)作物進(jìn)行夏季田間管理，為秋季豐收打好基礎(chǔ)。

　　【中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 市場(chǎng)行情】 小暑是農(nóng)歷二十四節(jié)氣之第十一個(gè)節(jié)氣，夏天的第五個(gè)節(jié)氣，表示季夏時(shí)節(jié)的正式開始；太陽(yáng)到達(dá)黃經(jīng)105度時(shí)叫小暑節(jié)氣。在農(nóng)事上，小暑節(jié)氣，各地農(nóng)民搶抓農(nóng)時(shí)對(duì)作物進(jìn)行夏季田間管理，為秋季豐收打好基礎(chǔ)。

　　小暑前后，除東北與西北地區(qū)收割冬、春小麥等作物外，農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)上主要是忙著田間管理了。早稻處于灌漿后期，早熟品種大暑前就要成熟收獲，要保持田間干干濕濕。中稻已拔節(jié)，進(jìn)入孕穗期，應(yīng)根據(jù)長(zhǎng)勢(shì)追施穗肥，促穗大粒多。單季晚稻正在分蘗，應(yīng)及早施好分蘗肥。雙晚秧苗要防治病蟲，于栽秧前5—7天施足“送嫁肥”。“小暑天氣熱，棉花整枝不停歇。”大部分棉區(qū)的棉花開始開花結(jié)鈴，生長(zhǎng)為旺盛，在重施花鈴肥的同時(shí)，要及時(shí)整枝、打杈、去老葉，以協(xié)調(diào)植株體內(nèi)養(yǎng)分分配，增強(qiáng)通風(fēng)透光，改善群體小氣候，減少蕾鈴脫落。盛夏高溫是蚜蟲、紅蜘蛛等多種害蟲盛發(fā)的季節(jié)，適時(shí)防治病蟲是田間管理上的又一重要環(huán)節(jié)。”
 
　　小暑開始，江淮流域梅雨先后結(jié)束，我國(guó)東部淮河、秦嶺一線以北的廣大地區(qū)開始了來(lái)自太平洋的東南季風(fēng)雨季，降水明顯增加，且雨量比較集中;而長(zhǎng)江中下游地區(qū)則一般為副熱帶高壓控制下的高溫少雨天氣，常常出現(xiàn)的伏旱對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)影響很大，及早蓄水防旱顯得十分重要。農(nóng)諺說(shuō)：“伏天的雨，鍋里的米”，這時(shí)出現(xiàn)的雷雨，熱帶風(fēng)暴或臺(tái)風(fēng)帶來(lái)的降水雖對(duì)水稻等作物生長(zhǎng)十分有利，但有時(shí)也會(huì)給棉花、大豆等旱作物及蔬菜造成不利影響。
 
　　“小暑一聲雷，倒轉(zhuǎn)做黃梅”。南方地區(qū)小暑時(shí)平均氣溫為26℃左右，已是盛夏，頗感炎熱，但還未到熱的時(shí)候。常年7月中旬，華南東南低海拔河谷地區(qū)，可開始出現(xiàn)日平均氣溫高于30℃、日高氣溫高于35 ℃的集中時(shí)段，這對(duì)雜交水稻抽穗揚(yáng)花不利。除了事先在作布局上應(yīng)該充分考慮這個(gè)因素外，已經(jīng)栽插的要采取相應(yīng)的補(bǔ)救措施。在西北高原北部，此時(shí)仍可見霜雪，相當(dāng)于華南初春時(shí)節(jié)景象。
 
　　小暑前后，華南西部進(jìn)入暴雨多季節(jié)，常年7、8兩月的暴雨日數(shù)可占全年的75%以上，一般為3天左右。在地勢(shì)起伏較大的地方，常有山洪暴發(fā)，甚至引起泥石流。我國(guó)南方大部分地區(qū)這一東旱西澇的氣候特點(diǎn)，與農(nóng)業(yè)豐歉關(guān)系很大，必須及早分別采取抗旱、防洪措施，盡量減輕危害。
 
　　小暑前后，我國(guó)南方大部分地區(qū)各地進(jìn)入雷暴多的季節(jié)。災(zāi)害，亦須注意預(yù)防。
 
　　本文由中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布，部分資料來(lái)源：搜狗百科，如有侵權(quán)或異議請(qǐng)聯(lián)系我們。

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