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棉花豐收季，北疆機(jī)采棉種植面積達(dá)80%以上

2018-10-11 16:33:08 來(lái)源：中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：22996 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀：棉花是我國(guó)重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)作物，作為世界上大的棉花生產(chǎn)國(guó)和消費(fèi)國(guó)，棉花產(chǎn)量快速提高為我國(guó)成為制造業(yè)大國(guó)提供了堅(jiān)實(shí)支撐。但與此同時(shí)，如何提高棉花生產(chǎn)率也成為了一個(gè)新的課題，大力推廣棉花生產(chǎn)全程機(jī)械化刻不容緩。棉花收獲機(jī)械具有工作穩(wěn)定性好，分離徹底等特點(diǎn)。另外，由于采用的部件較少，并省去了復(fù)雜的棉殼分離傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)，因此使用簡(jiǎn)便，不容易出故障，適合普通棉農(nóng)使用。

　　【中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 地方農(nóng)機(jī)】棉花是我國(guó)重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)作物，作為世界上大的棉花生產(chǎn)國(guó)和消費(fèi)國(guó)，棉花產(chǎn)量快速提高為我國(guó)成為制造業(yè)大國(guó)提供了堅(jiān)實(shí)支撐。但與此同時(shí)，如何提高棉花生產(chǎn)率也成為了一個(gè)新的課題，大力推廣棉花生產(chǎn)全程機(jī)械化刻不容緩。棉花收獲機(jī)具有工作穩(wěn)定性好，分離徹底等特點(diǎn)。另外，由于采用的部件較少，并省去了復(fù)雜的棉殼分離傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)，因此使用簡(jiǎn)便，不容易出故障，適合普通棉農(nóng)使用。
 
　　近幾年機(jī)采棉在北疆得到快速推廣,機(jī)采棉種植面積已占到80%以上,個(gè)別縣市已突破90%。
 
　　阿克蘇地區(qū)沙雅縣67萬(wàn)畝機(jī)采棉開(kāi)采
 
　　10月份，沙雅縣67萬(wàn)畝機(jī)采棉采收工作全面展開(kāi)。技術(shù)人員介紹，采棉機(jī)1天可以采100畝地的棉花，1臺(tái)能代替400個(gè)拾花工，現(xiàn)在機(jī)采棉技術(shù)也比較成熟，提高采盡率提高的同時(shí)降低了含雜率降低，為棉農(nóng)增收提供了便利。
 
　　據(jù)悉，2018年，阿克蘇地區(qū)沙雅縣不斷推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化發(fā)展進(jìn)程，積極引進(jìn)機(jī)采棉播種機(jī)、采棉機(jī)，引導(dǎo)群眾種植機(jī)采棉，重點(diǎn)突破棉花收獲環(huán)節(jié)機(jī)械化程度低的難題。為確保機(jī)采棉質(zhì)量，沙雅縣高度重視機(jī)采棉的生產(chǎn)管理和采收工作，嚴(yán)格按照機(jī)采棉種植管理模式要求，注重農(nóng)機(jī)農(nóng)藝結(jié)合，從棉花品種的選用到田間技術(shù)管理，都高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、嚴(yán)要求。合理運(yùn)用水肥技術(shù)調(diào)節(jié)棉花生長(zhǎng)，使棉花保持合理株型，確保棉花吐絮率達(dá)到85%以上。目前，65臺(tái)采棉機(jī)已陸續(xù)投入采棉工作，預(yù)計(jì)沙雅縣可實(shí)施機(jī)采棉67萬(wàn)畝。
 
　　新疆沙灣縣機(jī)采棉迎來(lái)2.0時(shí)代
 
　　今年沙灣縣引進(jìn)了全新的打包式采棉機(jī)，棉花采收、打包全程機(jī)械化，避免了傳統(tǒng)采棉機(jī)在棉花轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)過(guò)程中被頭發(fā)絲等雜質(zhì)污染的問(wèn)題，大幅提高了棉花品質(zhì)，機(jī)采棉迎來(lái)2.0時(shí)代。新型采棉機(jī)工作效率也比過(guò)去提高了1倍，一臺(tái)采棉機(jī)一天可實(shí)現(xiàn)作業(yè)面積800畝，在彌補(bǔ)采棉機(jī)成本升高的同時(shí)，還創(chuàng)造了新的效益，優(yōu)勢(shì)明顯。
 
　　如今，沙灣縣棉農(nóng)種植棉花從種植、采收、加工全鏈條考慮綜合成本，以品質(zhì)和效益為出發(fā)點(diǎn)，提升棉花全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈發(fā)展水平。目前，沙灣縣所經(jīng)營(yíng)的棉花已實(shí)現(xiàn)從播種到采收的全程機(jī)械化，每年在縣域內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)采作業(yè)面積近40萬(wàn)畝，并已在阿克蘇等地的棉花產(chǎn)區(qū)實(shí)現(xiàn)跨區(qū)域作業(yè)，服務(wù)范圍不斷延伸。
 
　　瑪納斯縣83萬(wàn)畝棉花，機(jī)械采收達(dá)96%
 
　　近幾年,在北疆機(jī)采棉種植得到快速推廣，今年全縣種植棉83萬(wàn)畝，機(jī)械化采收將達(dá)到96%。
 
　　據(jù)悉,瑪納斯縣北五岔鎮(zhèn)已全部實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)采棉,為大面積推廣機(jī)采棉,近幾年瑪納斯縣發(fā)起農(nóng)業(yè)供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革,調(diào)整種植品種,將原來(lái)的二十幾個(gè)品種減少到種植3個(gè)品種,種植的機(jī)采棉,引導(dǎo)種棉戶成立合作社,統(tǒng)一采購(gòu),統(tǒng)一收獲,節(jié)約種植成本。
 
　　據(jù)悉,瑪納斯縣近幾年一直在引導(dǎo)棉農(nóng)走集約化種植道路,科學(xué)種植科學(xué)管理。要將棉花的精量播種技術(shù)、化學(xué)打頂技術(shù)以及機(jī)械采收技術(shù)集成運(yùn)用到棉花生產(chǎn)當(dāng)中去,實(shí)現(xiàn)全程機(jī)械化。
 
　　本文由中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布，部分資料來(lái)源：阿克蘇地區(qū)行署、新疆日?qǐng)?bào)、農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部，如有侵權(quán)或異議請(qǐng)聯(lián)系我們。

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