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棉花豐收季，北疆機采棉種植面積達80%以上

2018-10-11 16:33:08 來源：中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：23024 評論

導讀：棉花是我國重要的經(jīng)濟作物，作為世界上大的棉花生產(chǎn)國和消費國，棉花產(chǎn)量快速提高為我國成為制造業(yè)大國提供了堅實支撐。但與此同時，如何提高棉花生產(chǎn)率也成為了一個新的課題，大力推廣棉花生產(chǎn)全程機械化刻不容緩。棉花收獲機械具有工作穩(wěn)定性好，分離徹底等特點。另外，由于采用的部件較少，并省去了復雜的棉殼分離傳動機構(gòu)，因此使用簡便，不容易出故障，適合普通棉農(nóng)使用。

　　【中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 地方農(nóng)機】棉花是我國重要的經(jīng)濟作物，作為世界上大的棉花生產(chǎn)國和消費國，棉花產(chǎn)量快速提高為我國成為制造業(yè)大國提供了堅實支撐。但與此同時，如何提高棉花生產(chǎn)率也成為了一個新的課題，大力推廣棉花生產(chǎn)全程機械化刻不容緩。棉花收獲機具有工作穩(wěn)定性好，分離徹底等特點。另外，由于采用的部件較少，并省去了復雜的棉殼分離傳動機構(gòu)，因此使用簡便，不容易出故障，適合普通棉農(nóng)使用。
 
　　近幾年機采棉在北疆得到快速推廣,機采棉種植面積已占到80%以上,個別縣市已突破90%。
 
　　阿克蘇地區(qū)沙雅縣67萬畝機采棉開采
 
　　10月份，沙雅縣67萬畝機采棉采收工作全面展開。技術(shù)人員介紹，采棉機1天可以采100畝地的棉花，1臺能代替400個拾花工，現(xiàn)在機采棉技術(shù)也比較成熟，提高采盡率提高的同時降低了含雜率降低，為棉農(nóng)增收提供了便利。
 
　　據(jù)悉，2018年，阿克蘇地區(qū)沙雅縣不斷推進農(nóng)業(yè)機械化發(fā)展進程，積極引進機采棉播種機、采棉機，引導群眾種植機采棉，重點突破棉花收獲環(huán)節(jié)機械化程度低的難題。為確保機采棉質(zhì)量，沙雅縣高度重視機采棉的生產(chǎn)管理和采收工作，嚴格按照機采棉種植管理模式要求，注重農(nóng)機農(nóng)藝結(jié)合，從棉花品種的選用到田間技術(shù)管理，都高標準、嚴要求。合理運用水肥技術(shù)調(diào)節(jié)棉花生長，使棉花保持合理株型，確保棉花吐絮率達到85%以上。目前，65臺采棉機已陸續(xù)投入采棉工作，預(yù)計沙雅縣可實施機采棉67萬畝。
 
　　新疆沙灣縣機采棉迎來2.0時代
 
　　今年沙灣縣引進了全新的打包式采棉機，棉花采收、打包全程機械化，避免了傳統(tǒng)采棉機在棉花轉(zhuǎn)運過程中被頭發(fā)絲等雜質(zhì)污染的問題，大幅提高了棉花品質(zhì)，機采棉迎來2.0時代。新型采棉機工作效率也比過去提高了1倍，一臺采棉機一天可實現(xiàn)作業(yè)面積800畝，在彌補采棉機成本升高的同時，還創(chuàng)造了新的效益，優(yōu)勢明顯。
 
　　如今，沙灣縣棉農(nóng)種植棉花從種植、采收、加工全鏈條考慮綜合成本，以品質(zhì)和效益為出發(fā)點，提升棉花全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈發(fā)展水平。目前，沙灣縣所經(jīng)營的棉花已實現(xiàn)從播種到采收的全程機械化，每年在縣域內(nèi)實現(xiàn)機采作業(yè)面積近40萬畝，并已在阿克蘇等地的棉花產(chǎn)區(qū)實現(xiàn)跨區(qū)域作業(yè)，服務(wù)范圍不斷延伸。
 
　　瑪納斯縣83萬畝棉花，機械采收達96%
 
　　近幾年,在北疆機采棉種植得到快速推廣，今年全縣種植棉83萬畝，機械化采收將達到96%。
 
　　據(jù)悉,瑪納斯縣北五岔鎮(zhèn)已全部實現(xiàn)機采棉,為大面積推廣機采棉,近幾年瑪納斯縣發(fā)起農(nóng)業(yè)供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革,調(diào)整種植品種,將原來的二十幾個品種減少到種植3個品種,種植的機采棉,引導種棉戶成立合作社,統(tǒng)一采購,統(tǒng)一收獲,節(jié)約種植成本。
 
　　據(jù)悉,瑪納斯縣近幾年一直在引導棉農(nóng)走集約化種植道路,科學種植科學管理。要將棉花的精量播種技術(shù)、化學打頂技術(shù)以及機械采收技術(shù)集成運用到棉花生產(chǎn)當中去,實現(xiàn)全程機械化。
 
　　本文由中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布，部分資料來源：阿克蘇地區(qū)行署、新疆日報、農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部，如有侵權(quán)或異議請聯(lián)系我們。

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