提高秸稈綜合利用率，黑龍江省加大財政投入，實施“一主兩輔”戰(zhàn)略

2019-12-19 14:20:11 來源：農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：29783 評論

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 地方農(nóng)機(jī)】遼寧沈陽舉辦的“秸稈綜合利用經(jīng)驗交流活動”消息，截至目前，全國秸稈綜合利用率達(dá)到85.45%，有10個省利用率超過90%，有9個省利用率超過85%，近50%的縣區(qū)利用率超過90%，秸稈綜合利用總體呈現(xiàn)出穩(wěn)中有進(jìn)、穩(wěn)中向好的態(tài)勢。
 
　　黑龍江省財政投資43億元加大秸稈綜合利用率
 
　　日前黑龍江省政府辦公廳印發(fā)《2019年黑龍江省秸稈綜合利用工作實施方案》，今年全省秸稈綜合利用率要達(dá)到80%以上，其中“兩市兩縣”利用率要達(dá)到85%以上；全省秸稈還田利用率要達(dá)到55%以上，通過燃料化、飼料化、基料化、原料化等利用路徑，實現(xiàn)離田利用率大化；剩余的部分秸稈實現(xiàn)全部離田垛放、儲備待用。為此，省級財政投入43億元，重點從11個方面給予政策補(bǔ)貼，進(jìn)一步加大秸稈政策支持力度。
 
　　《方案》明確提出，今年堅持疏堵結(jié)合和就地、就近、分散、多用途的原則，突出“一主兩輔”(還田為主，燃料化、飼料化為輔)，以今年秋收為節(jié)點，秸稈全部還田離田，確保我省全域、全時段、全面禁燒。政策補(bǔ)貼資金實行先行預(yù)撥、敞口補(bǔ)貼、調(diào)劑使用、據(jù)實結(jié)算，給予地方充分自主權(quán)。
 
　　給予補(bǔ)貼的11個方面具體為：玉米秸稈全量翻埋和碎混還田作業(yè)補(bǔ)貼；玉米秸稈覆蓋還田補(bǔ)貼；水稻秸稈翻埋還田作業(yè)補(bǔ)貼；水稻秸稈本田腐熟作業(yè)補(bǔ)貼；玉米青貯配套補(bǔ)貼；秸稈離田利用補(bǔ)貼；秸稈還田離田機(jī)具購置補(bǔ)貼；秸稈固化成型燃料站建站補(bǔ)貼；秸稈工業(yè)原料化項目建設(shè)補(bǔ)貼；生物質(zhì)爐具購置補(bǔ)貼；秸稈離田作業(yè)補(bǔ)貼。
 
　　黑龍江省依安縣“一主兩輔”提高秸稈綜合利用
 
　　據(jù)了解，2019年，依安縣玉米、水稻、大豆三大農(nóng)作物種植面積354萬畝，秸稈可收集量168萬噸。
 
　　面對秸稈綜合利用難題，黑龍江省依安縣采取有效辦法、有的放矢，廣泛宣傳秸稈禁燒政策，并積極探索秸稈綜合利用有效渠道，在秸稈燃料化、肥料化、飼料化、原料化上下功夫，為廢棄秸稈找到了處理出口，變廢為寶，一舉多得。
 
　　結(jié)合今年種植業(yè)實際和秸稈利用現(xiàn)狀，確定秸稈綜合利用“一主兩輔”的推進(jìn)方式，一主即以還田為主，兩輔即以燃料化和飼料化為輔。還田方面通過玉米機(jī)械化深松整地、玉米秸稈翻埋和碎混、水稻翻埋還田及原位腐熟還田等有效手段，力爭還田利用率達(dá)到55%。綜合利用方面，依托依龍鎮(zhèn)大型生物質(zhì)鍋爐直燃、秸稈壓塊、黃貯、堆漚等有效利用方式，綜合施策，全縣綜合利用率達(dá)到80%以上。
 
　　截至11月24日，依安縣已完成還田利用154萬畝，離田利用已完成57萬畝，離田待用100萬畝。全縣明春還將進(jìn)行水稻原位腐熟還田20萬畝，提高還田利用率。離田利用方面，將通過秸稈加工成飼料方式利用秸稈30萬畝，冬春季堆漚肥利用秸稈50萬畝，確保全縣秸稈綜合利用率達(dá)80%以上。
 
　　黑龍江省牡丹江市秸稈綜合利用率力爭達(dá)到80%以上
 
　　黑龍江省牡丹江市農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村局消息，今年牡丹江市以提高秸稈綜合利用率和耕地質(zhì)量為目標(biāo),大力開展秸稈綜合利用試點，推廣實用技術(shù)，積極引入社會資本，推動秸稈工業(yè)化利用、產(chǎn)業(yè)化發(fā)展、高值化經(jīng)營，確保全市秸稈綜合利用率達(dá)到80%以上，秸稈還田利用率達(dá)到55%以上，剩余秸稈100%實現(xiàn)離田作業(yè)，逐步形成布局合理、多元利用的秸稈綜合利用新格局。
 
　　今年，牡丹江市堅持疏堵結(jié)合，進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化屬地責(zé)任，健全網(wǎng)格化監(jiān)管體系，陸續(xù)組織市縣鄉(xiāng)村“四級”層層簽訂責(zé)任狀，并把秸稈綜合利用工作納入到目標(biāo)考核體系，逐級傳導(dǎo)壓力,壓實落靠責(zé)任。
 
　　在拓寬離田利用渠道方面，牡丹江市堅持以市場為導(dǎo)向，按照秸稈資源量，科學(xué)規(guī)劃生物質(zhì)發(fā)電項目布局，不斷提高秸稈燃料化利用比例；抓住全省大力發(fā)展畜牧業(yè)機(jī)遇，擴(kuò)大牛羊等草食動物飼養(yǎng)規(guī)模，鼓勵糧食作物改種飼料作物，通過青貯、黃貯和直接飼喂消化利用秸稈，不斷提高秸稈飼料化利用比例；積極引入社會資本,推動秸稈造紙、可降解紙膜、生產(chǎn)炭基有機(jī)肥等多元利用，拓寬利用途徑，增加秸稈附加值,不斷提高秸稈原料化利用水平；發(fā)揮食用菌和優(yōu)質(zhì)米優(yōu)勢產(chǎn)業(yè)的帶動作用，著力推進(jìn)食用菌基質(zhì)和水稻育秧盤基質(zhì)秸稈轉(zhuǎn)化項目，擴(kuò)大草腐菌生產(chǎn)規(guī)模，推廣水稻育秧基質(zhì)應(yīng)用技術(shù)，不斷提高秸稈基料化利用水平，推動農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展。
 
　　本文由農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布，部分資料來源：農(nóng)民日報、黑龍江日報、黑龍江省牡丹江市農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村局，如有侵權(quán)或異議請聯(lián)系我們。

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