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今年多個國家面臨糧食危機(jī),我國的糧食安全問題怎么樣?

2020-07-23 17:08:06 來源:農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)原創(chuàng) 閱讀量:53662 評論

導(dǎo)讀:糧食安全問題關(guān)系到我們每一個人,我國堅實(shí)的農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)可以說給我們吃了一顆“定心丸”。雖然今年疫情產(chǎn)生了一些影響,但總體來說,上半年我國農(nóng)產(chǎn)品市場運(yùn)行基本平穩(wěn),生豬產(chǎn)能持續(xù)恢復(fù),“菜籃子”產(chǎn)品穩(wěn)產(chǎn)保供扎實(shí)推進(jìn),下半年吃糧吃菜吃肉總體是有保障的。

  【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 編輯視角】 近日,據(jù)《嚴(yán)重糧食不安全熱點(diǎn)地區(qū)早期預(yù)警分析》報告指出,受到疫情影響,到今年年底,嚴(yán)重糧食不安全的人數(shù)可能從疫情前的1.49億增加至2.7億,共有25個國家面臨嚴(yán)重人口饑餓風(fēng)險。
 
  中國人常說,“飯碗一定要牢牢端在自己手里”,中國作為農(nóng)業(yè)大國和人口大國,糧食安全問題尤為重要。今年疫情蔓延,一些國家增加糧食儲備,一些國家限制糧食出口,我國是世界人口第一大國,會不會發(fā)生糧食危機(jī)?

  此前,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部部長韓長賦表示,我國糧食已連續(xù)十幾年豐收,2019年產(chǎn)量達(dá)13277億斤,連續(xù)5年保持在13000億斤以上。目前,我國人均糧食占有量遠(yuǎn)高于糧食安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)線,稻谷、小麥兩大口糧實(shí)現(xiàn)自給,庫存超過一年產(chǎn)量,夠全國人民吃一年
 
  據(jù)國家統(tǒng)計局7月15日公布的全國夏糧生產(chǎn)數(shù)據(jù)顯示,2020年全國夏糧總產(chǎn)量14281萬噸(2856億斤),比2019年增加120.8萬噸(24.2億斤),增長0.9%。2020年夏糧播種面積略減,但單產(chǎn)有所提高,全國夏糧生產(chǎn)再獲豐收,產(chǎn)量創(chuàng)歷史新高。
 
  我國糧食連年豐收,離不開這些年的科技進(jìn)步和農(nóng)田水利設(shè)施建設(shè),以及農(nóng)機(jī)裝備的大量投入。下面筆者以今年夏糧豐收為例,簡單分析一下,為什么我國不會發(fā)生糧食危機(jī):
 
  高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè):夯實(shí)糧食安全基礎(chǔ)
 
  建設(shè)高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田,是保障國家糧食安全的重要基礎(chǔ)。守住“谷物基本自給,口糧安全”戰(zhàn)略底線,耕地是基礎(chǔ)。集中連片建設(shè)高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田,不僅可以為綠色技術(shù)的推廣創(chuàng)造條件,還能促進(jìn)水、肥、藥等農(nóng)業(yè)投入品減量增效,推動農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展;而通過集中連片開展高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè),改善農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)條件,還可以增強(qiáng)小農(nóng)戶抗災(zāi)減災(zāi)能力,促進(jìn)小農(nóng)戶與現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)有機(jī)銜接,為發(fā)展現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。
 
  據(jù)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部數(shù)據(jù),近年來高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)工作取得了良好成效,僅2019年,全國新增高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田8150萬畝,統(tǒng)籌推進(jìn)高效節(jié)水灌溉面積2000萬畝,圓滿完成了國務(wù)院確定的年度新增8000萬畝高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)任務(wù)。今年,距離中央確定的2020年底全國須建成8億畝高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田目標(biāo)任務(wù),還剩8000萬畝建設(shè)任務(wù),接下來各地也將繼續(xù)加大建設(shè)力度和財政資金投入,力爭完成建設(shè)總目標(biāo)。
 
  智能農(nóng)機(jī):科技“鐵頭軍”馳騁神州
 
  糧食豐收的佳績離不開現(xiàn)代化農(nóng)機(jī)裝備的廣泛應(yīng)用。據(jù)了解,近年來國內(nèi)農(nóng)機(jī)生產(chǎn)企業(yè)和研制單位在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的種、管、收、儲等關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域排兵布陣,結(jié)合自動控制、人工智能、北斗系統(tǒng)等先進(jìn)技術(shù),已取得一系列自主創(chuàng)新成果,為我國農(nóng)業(yè)全面現(xiàn)代化做出了不小的貢獻(xiàn)。
 
  以雷沃重工為例,其作為農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部“首批谷物收獲機(jī)科技創(chuàng)新聯(lián)盟”的牽頭單位,近年來著力推動糧食作物從全程機(jī)械化向全程無人化轉(zhuǎn)變,已實(shí)現(xiàn)耕種管收各環(huán)節(jié)全覆蓋,北斗衛(wèi)星技術(shù)厘米級定位服務(wù)的應(yīng)用,物聯(lián)網(wǎng)管控新模式的普及,讓無人駕駛實(shí)現(xiàn)了“作業(yè)速度更快,作業(yè)質(zhì)量更高,作業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)精準(zhǔn)”。
 
  結(jié)語:糧食安全問題關(guān)系到我們每一個人,我國堅實(shí)的農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)可以說給我們吃了一顆“定心丸”。雖然今年疫情產(chǎn)生了一些影響,但總體來說,上半年我國農(nóng)產(chǎn)品市場運(yùn)行基本平穩(wěn),生豬產(chǎn)能持續(xù)恢復(fù),“菜籃子”產(chǎn)品穩(wěn)產(chǎn)保供扎實(shí)推進(jìn),下半年吃糧吃菜吃肉總體是有保障的。
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