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盤點2021年上半年和農(nóng)機相關的強農(nóng)惠農(nóng)政策（二）

2021-07-13 17:28:47 來源：農(nóng)機網(wǎng)原創(chuàng) 閱讀量：53644 評論

導讀：農(nóng)機報廢更新補貼政策是一項緊緊圍繞實施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略，旨在鼓勵、引導農(nóng)機及時報廢更新和升級換代，加快推廣節(jié)能、環(huán)保、安全農(nóng)機的惠農(nóng)政策。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 政策導讀】 對于2021年上半年強農(nóng)惠農(nóng)政策，上期內(nèi)容主要總結了年初以來國家發(fā)布的影響巨大、較為重要的三項政策：2021年中央一號文件、2021年農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部一號文件和對農(nóng)機行業(yè)來說特別重要的新一輪農(nóng)機補貼政策(點擊查看詳情：盤點2021年上半年國家出臺的強農(nóng)惠農(nóng)政策，對農(nóng)機行業(yè)都有哪些利好？)。本期將繼續(xù)盤點除三大文件外較為具體的、針對細分領域的惠農(nóng)政策。
 

 

　　4、農(nóng)機報廢更新補貼政策
 
　　農(nóng)機報廢更新補貼政策是一項緊緊圍繞實施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略，旨在鼓勵、引導農(nóng)機及時報廢更新和升級換代，加快推廣節(jié)能、環(huán)保、安全農(nóng)機的惠農(nóng)政策。補貼報廢農(nóng)機種類為《農(nóng)業(yè)機械安全監(jiān)督管理條例》規(guī)定的危及人身財產(chǎn)安全的農(nóng)業(yè)機械，包括拖拉機、聯(lián)合收割機、水稻插秧機、機動噴霧(粉)機、機動脫粒機、飼料(草)粉碎機、鍘草機等。報廢的農(nóng)機具分為納入牌證管理與非牌證管理機具，已經(jīng)注冊登記達到報廢標準或超過報廢年限的拖拉機、聯(lián)合收割機應當主要部件齊全，來源合法清楚，機主應就機具來源、歸屬等作出書面承諾。除了達到報廢年限的農(nóng)機可以申請補貼外，對未達報廢年限但安全隱患大、故障發(fā)生率高、損毀嚴重、維修成本高的農(nóng)機，允許申請報廢補貼。
 
　　2021年，國家繼續(xù)在范圍內(nèi)實施農(nóng)機報廢更新補貼政策，加快老舊農(nóng)機淘汰，促進節(jié)能減排、環(huán)境保護和生產(chǎn)。補貼對象仍為從事農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的個人和經(jīng)營組織。拖拉機的報廢補貼標準根據(jù)馬力段的不同從1000元到12000元不等，聯(lián)合收割機的報廢補貼標準根據(jù)喂入量(或收割行數(shù))的不同從3000元到20000元不等。其他機械的報廢補貼范圍由各地結合實際確定，補貼標準按不超過同類機械購機補貼額的30%確定。
 
　　5、農(nóng)機深松整地作業(yè)補助政策
 
　　開展農(nóng)機深松整地是打破犁底層、增強土壤蓄水保墑能力從而保護耕地的重要舉措。2021年，繼續(xù)以北方旱作區(qū)為重點，在適宜地區(qū)開展農(nóng)機深松整地作業(yè)補助試點，所需資金從中央財政下達各省(自治區(qū)、直轄市)的農(nóng)業(yè)有關專項資金中安排。補助標準由各地綜合考慮本轄區(qū)工作基礎、地理條件、技術模式、成本費用等因素確定。鼓勵各地采取“先作業(yè)后補助、先公示后兌現(xiàn)”的方式實施，提高補貼實施效率和質(zhì)量。農(nóng)機深松整地作業(yè)深度一般要求達到或超過25厘米，作業(yè)質(zhì)量應符合農(nóng)業(yè)行業(yè)標準《深松機作業(yè)質(zhì)量》(NY/T2845-2015)。
 
　　6、農(nóng)作物秸稈綜合利用支持政策
 
　　2021年，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部會同財政部，繼續(xù)在推進農(nóng)作物秸稈綜合利用工作，開展整縣推進秸稈綜合利用重點縣建設。支持各地因地制宜、農(nóng)用優(yōu)先、多元利用，培育一批產(chǎn)業(yè)化利用主體、出臺配套扶持政策、發(fā)布年度主推技術和模式、做好秸稈資源臺賬、探索秸稈利用補償政策，根據(jù)區(qū)域實際情況打造一批全域全量利用和產(chǎn)業(yè)化利用的典型樣板，不斷激發(fā)秸稈還田、離田、加工利用等各環(huán)節(jié)市場主體活力，建立秸稈綜合利用長效運行機制，推動秸稈綜合利用率穩(wěn)定在86%以上。
 
　　7、東北黑土地保護性耕作作業(yè)補助
 
　　保護性耕作是以農(nóng)作物秸稈覆蓋還田、免(少)耕播種為主要內(nèi)容的現(xiàn)代耕作技術，能夠有效減輕土壤風蝕水蝕、增加土壤肥力和保墑抗旱能力、提高農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)和經(jīng)濟效益。2020年，經(jīng)國務院同意，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部、財政部制定印發(fā)了《東北黑土地保護性耕作行動計劃(2020-2025年)》，組織在遼寧省、吉林省、黑龍江省和內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)的赤峰市、通遼市、興安盟、呼倫貝爾市的適宜區(qū)域，推廣應用保護性耕作，以玉米生產(chǎn)保護性耕作為重點，促進黑土地保護和農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
 
　　2021年，繼續(xù)穩(wěn)步實施東北黑土地保護性耕作行動計劃，支持在適宜區(qū)域推廣應用秸稈覆蓋免(少)耕播種等關鍵技術，有效減輕風蝕水蝕、增加土壤有機質(zhì)、增強保墑抗旱能力、提高農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)效益和經(jīng)濟效益。2021年東北4省(區(qū))計劃實施保護性耕作7000萬畝，地方可結合實際對農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營主體開展秸稈覆蓋免(少)耕播種作業(yè)給予補助，所需資金從中央財政下達各省(區(qū))的農(nóng)業(yè)有關專項資金中安排。補助標準由各地綜合考慮本轄區(qū)工作基礎、技術模式、成本費用等因素確定，鼓勵采取政府購買服務、“先作業(yè)后補助、先公示后兌現(xiàn)”的方式實施，提高補貼實施效率和作業(yè)質(zhì)量。
 
　　8、耕地輪作休耕制度試點政策
 
　　2016年，國家啟動實施耕地輪作休耕制度試點，試點面積616萬畝，補助資金14.36億元。此后，試點規(guī)模不斷擴大，區(qū)域不斷拓展，成效逐步顯現(xiàn)，初步探索了有效的組織方式、技術模式和政策框架。2021年，中央財政繼續(xù)支持開展耕地輪作休耕制度試點，擴大輪作、減少休耕。輪作每畝補助150元，主要在東北等地擴大玉米種植、穩(wěn)定大豆面積，在長江流域鞏固雙季稻，在南方地區(qū)開發(fā)冬閑田擴種冬油菜，在北方農(nóng)牧交錯帶、東北、西北等地因地制宜發(fā)展花生等;休耕每畝補助500元，主要在地下水超采區(qū)、重金屬污染區(qū)等實施。

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