今日要聞

農(nóng)業(yè)灌溉用水總量如何實現(xiàn)零增長？

2017-10-18 09:50:08 來源：中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 作者：秋雨 閱讀量：48188 評論

導(dǎo)讀：導(dǎo)語：我國農(nóng)田水利經(jīng)過數(shù)十年的建設(shè)與發(fā)展，有效灌溉農(nóng)田面積已由1996年的50381.00千公頃(約7.5億畝)增加到目前的65872.60千公頃(約9.8億畝)。中國正在以占世界9%的耕地、6%的水資源量，養(yǎng)活著世界20%的人口。

　　【中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 本站原創(chuàng)】導(dǎo)語：我國農(nóng)田水利經(jīng)過數(shù)十年的建設(shè)與發(fā)展，有效灌溉農(nóng)田面積已由1996年的50381.00千公頃(約7.5億畝)增加到目前的65872.60千公頃(約9.8億畝)。中國正在以占世界9%的耕地、6%的水資源量，養(yǎng)活著世界20%的人口。
 
農(nóng)業(yè)灌溉用水總量如何實現(xiàn)零增長？
 
　　我國是人口大國、農(nóng)業(yè)大國，但淡水資源卻并不豐富。我國擁有世界上2.8萬億立方米的淡水資源，位居*六位，在40多個嚴(yán)重缺水的國家中位居前列。
 
　　降水是我國河川徑流的主要補給來源，全國降水量的44%轉(zhuǎn)化為徑流，平均徑流深284.8mm。而我國降水量受海陸分布和地形等因素的影響，水資源的地區(qū)分布與耕地的分布很不適應(yīng)。南方耕地面積只占全國的35.9%，水資源占總量的81%，畝均水量是全國均值的2.3倍。北方黃河、淮河、海河、遼河四大流域片的耕地多、人口密，淡水資源量卻只有全國的19%，畝均水量也僅為全國均值的15%。
 
　　有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，農(nóng)業(yè)灌溉用水量是*用水總量的70%，利用率很低，浪費嚴(yán)重。據(jù)估計，*有37%的灌溉水用于作物生長，其余63%都被浪費掉了。因此，提高灌溉技術(shù)是提高農(nóng)業(yè)用水效率的“后一公里”。
 
　　目前，我國共有設(shè)計灌溉面積 30 萬畝及以上的灌區(qū) 456 處，有效灌溉面積 2.8 億畝，占全國耕地面積的 15%，灌區(qū)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)的糧食產(chǎn)量、農(nóng)業(yè)總產(chǎn)值均超過全國總量的 1/4，是我國糧食安全的重要保障和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的重要支撐。
 
　　“十二五”期間，我國新增農(nóng)田有效灌溉面積7500萬畝、改善灌溉面積2.8億畝。實施東北節(jié)水增糧、西北節(jié)水增效、華北節(jié)水壓采、南方節(jié)水減排等區(qū)域規(guī)?；?jié)水灌溉，發(fā)展節(jié)水灌溉面積1.2億畝。“五小水利”工程建設(shè)加快推進，農(nóng)田灌溉水有效利用系數(shù)提高到0.532，為全國糧食產(chǎn)量“十二連增”提供了有力支撐。
 
　　《2016年水資源公報》顯示，去年全國生活用水量同比增加28.1億立方米，人工生態(tài)環(huán)境補水量同比增加19.9億立方米，農(nóng)業(yè)節(jié)水為水資源可持續(xù)利用作出積極貢獻。
 
　　2017年來自水利部的新消息顯示，黨的十八大以來，隨著生態(tài)文明建設(shè)深入推進，農(nóng)業(yè)節(jié)水灌溉不斷提速。5年來，全國新增節(jié)水灌溉面積1億畝，節(jié)水灌溉面積超過3億畝，灌溉水有效利用系數(shù)已達0.542。在保障國家糧食安全的同時，農(nóng)業(yè)灌溉用水總量實現(xiàn)零增長。
 
　　筆者結(jié)語
 
　　綠色發(fā)展是農(nóng)業(yè)健康持續(xù)發(fā)展的必然趨勢。比如：現(xiàn)如今人們熱衷于綠色有機食品，生態(tài)環(huán)境，農(nóng)家樂等生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)。同時，我國城鎮(zhèn)化、工業(yè)化發(fā)展的水資源需求量增加，更加凸顯了農(nóng)業(yè)節(jié)水灌溉的重要性及必要性。
 
　　今年，國家發(fā)展改革委、水利部要求骨干渠系水利用系數(shù)達到 0.64，灌溉水利用系數(shù)達到 0.49 以上，節(jié)水能力達到 100 億立方米。因此，、節(jié)能環(huán)保將是灌溉設(shè)備制造商們的一個研發(fā)方向。
 
　　中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng)原創(chuàng)，轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處。
 
　　資料來源：國家統(tǒng)計局網(wǎng)站、中國經(jīng)濟網(wǎng)

上一篇： 秸稈綜合利用的新路子——“五化”利用出奇效

下一篇：綠色發(fā)展五大行動為農(nóng)業(yè)蓄力 為環(huán)保添彩

我要評論
文明上網(wǎng)，理性發(fā)言。（您還可以輸入200個字符)

所有評論僅代表網(wǎng)友意見，與本站立場無關(guān)。

產(chǎn)品推薦 更多

[{"ID":"2794830","Picture":"5eceadd4559dcfd2c4838e08786cca412af429f1ae80a324996f6ea1e9049f117edc4e9b6bd67c15.jpg","PictureDomain":"img69","Name":"供應(yīng)化工在線粘度計多少錢","Type":"","Descrip":"SS12-020120BC-DN50化工在線粘度計，傳感器的信號的傳輸采用4-20mA，它是工業(yè)自動化系統(tǒng)中的一個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。","CompanyName":"上海申舍科學(xué)儀器設(shè)備有限公司","CompanyID":"130274","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"3","City":"上海市","Address":"上海市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"81","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51471302","StandUrl":"/st130274","UpdateTime":"2024/10/23 4:22:01","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102794830","UserID":"143263","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1736381","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"顧女士","TelPhone":"86-021-38233886","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"在線粘度計，傳感器，探頭","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"10618","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2023/8/8 0:56:26","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13310032399"},{"ID":"3031093","Picture":"5646a23e59c2327158aab4fb811534b7d479403058f8e459727b8c293e757e92fff3fe693fbbefcb.jpg","PictureDomain":"img52","Name":"鋼鐵行業(yè)停機閥把手多少錢","Type":"","Descrip":"上海航歐銷售HYDRAFORCE泵HYDRAFORCE泄壓閥HYDRAFORCE比例減壓閥HYDRAFORCE線圈、HYDRAFORCE比例閥、HYDRAFORCE電磁閥、HYDRAFORCE溢流閥、HYDRAFORCE液控單向閥、HYDRAFORCE手動泵 HYDRAFORCE手動停機閥把手5342060 1323-084HYDRAFORCE線圈63556110HYDRAFORCE配件SV","CompanyName":"上海航歐機電設(shè)備公司","CompanyID":"128875","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"3","City":"上海市","Address":"上海市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"129","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51471302","StandUrl":"/st128875","UpdateTime":"2024/10/23 4:22:17","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"0","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"103031093","UserID":"141864","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1669334","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"鄧超","TelPhone":"021-51085161 52391901 52391902 52656681","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"傳感器，電子尺，編碼器，控制器、插裝閥，報警燈，電纜，拖鏈，分配器，馬達，繼電器，電機和進口五金","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"31089","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/5/17 22:25:10","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"15921821180 "},{"ID":"2689229","Picture":"00450ea57bc9bc7d11ce8aca29ac3b43acf400c7b13bfc54b66fa79baafc5b1881a3ae3c3bee0cbc.jpg","PictureDomain":"img69","Name":"國產(chǎn)GCB填料生產(chǎn)","Type":"","Descrip":"SimplyLab 石墨化碳黑GCB填料是碳黑在惰性氣體(通常為氬氣)保護下加熱到2700 ℃左右生成的一種碳材料。上世紀(jì)80年代人們開始將GCB開發(fā)成固相萃取柱的填料，用來分離化合物和去除色素。","CompanyName":"廣州信譜徠科學(xué)儀器有限公司","CompanyID":"128736","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"213","City":"廣州市","Address":"廣州市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"139","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51471302","StandUrl":"/st128736","UpdateTime":"2024/10/23 4:22:09","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"0","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102689229","UserID":"141725","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1665377","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"莊先生","TelPhone":"86-020-86273813","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"色譜柱，固相萃取柱，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品，氘燈，石墨管，移液器，針式過濾器，QuECHERS萃取，薄層層析硅膠板，試劑盒","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"33123","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2016/1/16 12:18:42","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"18011884166"},{"ID":"2711853","Picture":"5646a23e59c232715ee61a7bf0b5d5f698ecfe608bcb94dc3f2ea94abd58a355d20d95984306ffcc.jpg","PictureDomain":"img77","Name":"耐高溫接近開關(guān)多少錢","Type":"","Descrip":"φ12接近開關(guān)YBZ406-HJ/F630三線制PNPDC24V是一種具有機械運動部件不直接接觸，能對位置的開關(guān)操作，當(dāng)物體接近感應(yīng)開關(guān)表面一定的距離，不需要機械接觸，也不需要任何壓力就能使開關(guān)動作，從而驅(qū)動直流電或給電腦（PLC）裝置提供控制指令。接近開關(guān)是開關(guān)型傳感器的一種（即無觸點開關(guān)），它既有行程開關(guān)特性，同時也具有傳感器的性能，性能穩(wěn)定可靠，頻率響應(yīng)快，使用壽命長，抗干擾力強等。","CompanyName":"麻城施邁賽工業(yè)自動化有限公司","CompanyID":"129135","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"191","City":"黃岡市","Address":"黃岡市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"128","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51471301","StandUrl":"/st129135","UpdateTime":"2024/10/23 4:21:10","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102711853","UserID":"142124","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1676189","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"向楊","TelPhone":"0713-2117311","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"接近開關(guān)、光電開關(guān)、拉繩開關(guān)、跑偏開關(guān)、打滑開關(guān)、磁性開關(guān)、傾斜開關(guān)、縱向撕裂開關(guān)、溜槽堵塞開關(guān)、行程開關(guān)","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"28906","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2014/12/19 15:06:35","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13636102066"},{"ID":"3141419","Picture":"mt0001/6e41f53139e533fd05609fec1e78f09eb8f83b9431a964d0191b3beede44d8b35ea90175529e2588.jpg","PictureDomain":"img59","Name":"動態(tài)氮吸附法JB-5比表面積測試儀哪家好","Type":"JB-5型","Descrip":"精新比表面積測試儀 ，采用氮吸附動態(tài)法測定粉體比表面積，4個工作分析站，同時可以測試4種樣品，適合產(chǎn)量大、品種多的生產(chǎn)企業(yè)。分析范圍：0.0005m2/g～無上限；測試精度高、重現(xiàn)性好。采用雙氣源動態(tài)氣相色譜法，以氦氣作為載氣，氮氣為被吸附氣體作為測試氣體，對不同樣品的固體表面進行分析，能快速測試各行業(yè)粉體、顆粒等材料的比表面積。","CompanyName":"成都精新粉體測試設(shè)備有限公司","CompanyID":"140665","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"248","City":"成都市","Address":"成都市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"55","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51471297","StandUrl":"/st140665","UpdateTime":"2024/10/23 4:17:39","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"103141419","UserID":"153655","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1946648","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"李曉","TelPhone":"028-83177668 83173777","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"主要產(chǎn)品：全自動激光粒度儀，顯微圖象分析儀，比表面積測試儀，振實密度儀，濕法激光粒度儀，干法激光粒度儀，噴霧激光粒度儀，在線控制儀。","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"1937","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/9/15 7:33:39","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13980051653"},{"ID":"3131335","Picture":"74a34d6b99a3c7324227a645b5accc32ce802e41b939498e09512480de63b79a1a9911c86dfb7090.jpg","PictureDomain":"img42","Name":"光學(xué)影像測量儀","Type":"QC-3020","Descrip":"影像測量儀是一種由高解析度CCD彩色鏡頭、連續(xù)變倍物鏡、彩色顯示器、視頻十字線顯示器、精密光柵尺、多功能數(shù)據(jù)處理器、數(shù)據(jù)測量軟件與高精密工作臺結(jié)構(gòu)組成的高精度光學(xué)影像測量儀器。自動影像測量儀將影像測量技術(shù)提升到了一個新的階段，它所具有高度智能化與自動化特點，能讓整個測量過程變得簡單而輕松。適用于種類多、小批量的產(chǎn)品檢測廣泛應(yīng)用于PCB板、手機配件、連接器、機械配件的大批量快速檢測。","CompanyName":"圓松（成都）精密儀器設(shè)備有限公司","CompanyID":"139615","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"248","City":"成都市","Address":"成都市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"70","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"2","UpdateAndClientSort":"51471288","StandUrl":"/st139615","UpdateTime":"2024/10/23 4:08:20","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"103131335","UserID":"152605","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1912203","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"袁仕文","TelPhone":"028-87954548","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"儀器，設(shè)備、量具","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"5769","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/9/2 18:29:22","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"19150125510"}]