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農(nóng)財(cái)兩部：加強(qiáng)耕地保護(hù)與質(zhì)量提升，穩(wěn)定實(shí)施耕地地力保護(hù)補(bǔ)貼政策

2021-05-21 14:42:49 來源：農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：37754 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀：穩(wěn)定實(shí)施耕地地力保護(hù)補(bǔ)貼政策，繼續(xù)實(shí)施耕地輪作休耕，擴(kuò)大東北黑土地保護(hù)性耕作實(shí)施面積，開展東北黑土地保護(hù)利用。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 補(bǔ)貼動(dòng)態(tài)】近日，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部 財(cái)政部印發(fā)《關(guān)于做好2021年農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)發(fā)展等項(xiàng)目實(shí)施工作的通知》(以下簡稱《通知》)，明確2021年中央財(cái)政繼續(xù)安排農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)發(fā)展資金、農(nóng)業(yè)資源及生態(tài)保護(hù)補(bǔ)助資金、動(dòng)物防疫等補(bǔ)助經(jīng)費(fèi)，支持深化農(nóng)業(yè)供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革，全面推進(jìn)鄉(xiāng)村振興。
 
　　文件提出，聚焦提高糧食等重要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供給保障能力，緊緊抓住種子和耕地兩個(gè)要害，促進(jìn)鞏固拓展脫貧攻堅(jiān)成果同鄉(xiāng)村振興有效銜接。著力支持提升糧食等重要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供給保障能力、強(qiáng)化現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)支撐、深入推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展、推進(jìn)鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)融合發(fā)展，加快補(bǔ)齊農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展短板弱項(xiàng)。
 
　　耕地是農(nóng)業(yè)最基本的生產(chǎn)資料，國家越來越重視對(duì)耕地的保護(hù)。農(nóng)財(cái)兩部印發(fā)的《通知》中明確提出，穩(wěn)定實(shí)施耕地地力保護(hù)補(bǔ)貼政策，繼續(xù)實(shí)施耕地輪作休耕，擴(kuò)大東北黑土地保護(hù)性耕作實(shí)施面積，開展東北黑土地保護(hù)利用。
 

 

　　在具體的項(xiàng)目實(shí)施上，文件指出：
 
　　(一)加強(qiáng)耕地保護(hù)與質(zhì)量提升。一是開展化肥減量增效示范。在重點(diǎn)作物綠色高質(zhì)高效行動(dòng)縣協(xié)同開展化肥減量增效示范，引導(dǎo)企業(yè)和社會(huì)化服務(wù)組織開展科學(xué)施肥技術(shù)服務(wù)，支持農(nóng)戶和新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體應(yīng)用化肥減量增效新技術(shù)新產(chǎn)品，著力解決化肥使用過量、利用率不高的突出問題。繼續(xù)做好取土化驗(yàn)、田間試驗(yàn)、配方制定發(fā)布、測土配方施肥數(shù)據(jù)成果開發(fā)應(yīng)用等測土配方施肥基礎(chǔ)性工作。二是開展退化耕地治理。在耕地酸化、鹽堿化較嚴(yán)重區(qū)域，集成推廣施用土壤調(diào)理劑、綠肥還田、耕作壓鹽、增施有機(jī)肥等治理措施。繼續(xù)做好耕地質(zhì)量等級(jí)年度變更評(píng)價(jià)與補(bǔ)充耕地質(zhì)量評(píng)定試點(diǎn)工作。三是加強(qiáng)生產(chǎn)障礙耕地治理。在西南、華南等地區(qū)，針對(duì)不同耕地生產(chǎn)障礙程度，結(jié)合作物品種、耕作習(xí)慣等，因地制宜采取品種替代、水肥調(diào)控、農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物回收利用等環(huán)境友好型農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)技術(shù)，克服農(nóng)產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)地環(huán)境障礙，提升農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全水平。
 
　　(二)統(tǒng)籌推進(jìn)東北黑土地保護(hù)利用和保護(hù)性耕作。貫徹落實(shí)《東北黑土地保護(hù)規(guī)劃綱要(2017—2030年)》，聚焦83個(gè)黑土地保護(hù)重點(diǎn)縣，集中連片開展東北黑土地保護(hù)利用，重點(diǎn)推廣秸稈還田與“深翻+有機(jī)肥還田”等綜合技術(shù)模式，推進(jìn)黑土地核心區(qū)提質(zhì)培肥集中連片示范。繼續(xù)穩(wěn)步實(shí)施東北黑土地保護(hù)性耕作行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，支持在適宜區(qū)域推廣應(yīng)用秸稈覆蓋免(少)耕播種等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，鼓勵(lì)整鄉(xiāng)整村整建制推進(jìn)，使保護(hù)性耕作成為東北適宜區(qū)域主流耕作技術(shù)。
 
　　(三)推進(jìn)耕地輪作休耕制度。立足資源稟賦、突出生態(tài)保護(hù)、實(shí)行綜合治理，進(jìn)一步探索科學(xué)有效輪作模式，重點(diǎn)在東北地區(qū)推行大豆薯類—玉米、雜糧雜豆春小麥—玉米等輪作，在黃淮海地區(qū)推行玉米—大豆或花生—玉米等輪作，在長江流域推行稻油、稻稻油等輪作，既通過豆科作物輪作倒茬，發(fā)揮固氮作用，提升耕地質(zhì)量，減少化肥使用量，又通過不同作物間輪作，降低病蟲害發(fā)生，減少農(nóng)藥使用量，加快構(gòu)建綠色種植制度，促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)資源永續(xù)利用。同時(shí)，繼續(xù)在河北地下水漏斗區(qū)、黑龍江三江平原井灌稻地下水超采區(qū)、新疆塔里木河流域地下水超采區(qū)實(shí)施休耕試點(diǎn)，休耕期間配套采取土壤改良、培肥地力、污染修復(fù)等措施，促進(jìn)耕地質(zhì)量提升。
 
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