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冬小麥大面積晚播，今年夏糧生產(chǎn)是否會(huì)受到影響？

2022-02-24 08:40:10 來(lái)源：農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：31444 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀：去年秋季，受罕見秋汛影響，河北、山西、山東、河南、陜西5個(gè)省有1.1億畝小麥較正常年份晚播半個(gè)月左右，這占了小麥播種面積的三分之一。雖然經(jīng)過(guò)努力耕作，冬小麥面積與去年保持持平，但長(zhǎng)勢(shì)較為復(fù)雜，因此今年夏糧生產(chǎn)面臨很大挑戰(zhàn)和困難。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 熱點(diǎn)關(guān)注】 2月23日，國(guó)務(wù)院新聞辦公室舉行新聞發(fā)布會(huì)，介紹2022年全面推進(jìn)鄉(xiāng)村振興重點(diǎn)工作，并答記者問(wèn)。中央農(nóng)村工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組辦公室主任、農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部部長(zhǎng)唐仁健，中央農(nóng)村工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組辦公室副主任、國(guó)家鄉(xiāng)村振興局局長(zhǎng)劉煥鑫，中央農(nóng)村工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組辦公室專職副主任、農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部黨組成員吳宏耀等出席發(fā)布會(huì)。
 
　　去年秋季，受罕見秋汛影響，河北、山西、山東、河南、陜西5個(gè)省有1.1億畝小麥較正常年份晚播半個(gè)月左右，這占了小麥播種面積的三分之一。雖然經(jīng)過(guò)努力耕作，冬小麥面積與去年保持持平，但長(zhǎng)勢(shì)較為復(fù)雜，因此今年夏糧生產(chǎn)面臨很大挑戰(zhàn)和困難。
 
　　對(duì)此，中央農(nóng)村工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組辦公室主任、農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部部長(zhǎng)唐仁健表示，夏糧是全年糧食生產(chǎn)的第一季，夏糧占了我們?nèi)昙Z食產(chǎn)量大數(shù)的五分之一，占了口糧的四成，這對(duì)保供給、穩(wěn)預(yù)期、增信心意義重大。面對(duì)這種復(fù)雜情況，我們將以背水一戰(zhàn)的態(tài)度、超常超強(qiáng)的力度，千方百計(jì)保夏糧，打好全年糧食豐收第一場(chǎng)硬仗。
 
　　一是抓好麥田管理。這還是基礎(chǔ)?，F(xiàn)在距夏糧小麥大面積收獲還有100天左右，三個(gè)多月時(shí)間。當(dāng)前，最最要緊的是抓住小麥返青、拔節(jié)和灌漿這三個(gè)關(guān)鍵生育期，通過(guò)上技術(shù)、上措施，力求最大限度地追回產(chǎn)量。在小麥返青期重點(diǎn)是增施返青肥，促弱苗增穗數(shù);在小麥起身拔節(jié)期重點(diǎn)是抗旱防凍促生長(zhǎng)來(lái)增粒數(shù);在小麥灌漿期，重點(diǎn)是實(shí)施“一噴三防”，來(lái)增粒重。目前，我們已經(jīng)把晚播麥的分布情況，按出苗的類型細(xì)化到了省市縣鄉(xiāng)，形成了底圖，下一步精準(zhǔn)指導(dǎo)就有了基礎(chǔ)。最近，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)組織大批力量下沉到了一線，包省包片，加強(qiáng)精準(zhǔn)指導(dǎo)服務(wù)，力爭(zhēng)能夠讓適期播種的小麥多增產(chǎn)，晚播的小麥不減產(chǎn)或少減產(chǎn)。
 
　　二是抓好防災(zāi)減災(zāi)。一個(gè)是防天災(zāi)。因?yàn)槭芾崮扔绊?，今年極端天氣發(fā)生幾率較大。我們將重點(diǎn)防范春寒、倒春寒、夏伏旱和洪澇對(duì)糧食生產(chǎn)影響大的災(zāi)害，進(jìn)一步細(xì)化實(shí)化防災(zāi)減災(zāi)奪豐收的預(yù)案，及早做好物資儲(chǔ)備和技術(shù)準(zhǔn)備，用足用好農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)救災(zāi)資金，幫助農(nóng)民主動(dòng)避災(zāi)、科學(xué)防災(zāi)，最大限度減輕災(zāi)害的損失。再一個(gè)就是防病蟲害。因?yàn)槿ツ暧晁?，底墑好，有有利的一面，但是也有不利的一面，那就是病蟲害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也比較高。所以，今年農(nóng)作物病蟲害預(yù)計(jì)呈現(xiàn)多發(fā)頻發(fā)態(tài)勢(shì)，小麥主要是條銹病赤霉病等，今年還有莖基腐病，都是因?yàn)樗?，?duì)這些重大的病蟲害我們將進(jìn)行重點(diǎn)防控，實(shí)行“一體化監(jiān)測(cè)、一盤棋調(diào)度、一張圖指揮”，大力推進(jìn)統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治、聯(lián)防聯(lián)控，應(yīng)急防治，能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)蟲口奪糧。
 
　　三是抓好春耕備耕。前不久，召開了全國(guó)春季農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)工作會(huì)議，對(duì)春耕備耕工作進(jìn)行全面部署，國(guó)家目前也正在研究發(fā)放農(nóng)資補(bǔ)貼、支持春耕生產(chǎn)。我們將把落實(shí)糧食播種面積作為春耕備耕工作的重中之重，鞏固早稻生產(chǎn)、穩(wěn)定秋糧面積，確保糧食播種面積能夠落到戶、落到田，夯實(shí)全年糧食豐收的面積基礎(chǔ)。同時(shí)，會(huì)同有關(guān)部門抓好農(nóng)資供應(yīng)，及早做好春耕用種用肥用藥需求的調(diào)度，加快農(nóng)資進(jìn)店進(jìn)村，盡可能穩(wěn)定農(nóng)資價(jià)格，強(qiáng)化質(zhì)量監(jiān)管，能夠滿足春耕生產(chǎn)的需要。
 
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