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農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部：加快推廣應(yīng)用棉花輕簡化機(jī)械化生產(chǎn)技術(shù)

———對十四屆全國人大一次會議第1978號建議的答復(fù)摘要
2023-09-04 10:28:42 來源：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部 閱讀量：16591 評論

導(dǎo)讀：陳恩明代表提出的關(guān)于分類施策走好黃河三角洲鹽堿地用養(yǎng)結(jié)合之路的建議收悉。經(jīng)商國家發(fā)展改革委、科技部、財政部，現(xiàn)答復(fù)如下：

　　陳恩明代表：
 
　　您提出的關(guān)于分類施策走好黃河三角洲鹽堿地用養(yǎng)結(jié)合之路的建議收悉。經(jīng)商國家發(fā)展改革委、科技部、財政部，現(xiàn)答復(fù)如下：
 
　　一、關(guān)于加快推廣應(yīng)用棉花輕簡化機(jī)械化生產(chǎn)技術(shù)
 
　　我部積極聯(lián)合相關(guān)部門，采取措施促進(jìn)全國棉花生產(chǎn)機(jī)械化水平提升。一是全面梳理棉花生產(chǎn)所需機(jī)具，組織科研院所和企業(yè)進(jìn)行研發(fā)攻關(guān)。二是依托新疆農(nóng)墾科學(xué)院建設(shè)棉花全程機(jī)械化科研基地，組織部全程機(jī)械化行動專家指導(dǎo)組棉花組專家進(jìn)行實(shí)地技術(shù)指導(dǎo)，開展相關(guān)機(jī)械化技術(shù)推廣示范。三是積極發(fā)揮農(nóng)機(jī)購置與應(yīng)用補(bǔ)貼政策引導(dǎo)作用，已將棉花收獲機(jī)、籽棉清理機(jī)等棉花生產(chǎn)機(jī)械納入機(jī)具種類補(bǔ)貼范圍，并將大型采棉機(jī)最高補(bǔ)貼限額提高到60萬元。下一步，我部將會同有關(guān)部門，支持推動更多農(nóng)機(jī)制造企業(yè)和科研單位投入棉花生產(chǎn)專用機(jī)具研發(fā)，開展先進(jìn)適用棉花機(jī)械化生產(chǎn)裝備技術(shù)示范集成，引導(dǎo)和鼓勵棉花生產(chǎn)農(nóng)機(jī)化服務(wù)組織發(fā)展，加大農(nóng)機(jī)購置與應(yīng)用補(bǔ)貼政策支持力度，促進(jìn)棉花生產(chǎn)機(jī)械化水平不斷提升。
 
　　二、關(guān)于推廣短季棉無膜輕簡化綠色栽培技術(shù)
 
　　我部一方面，加強(qiáng)鹽堿地棉花栽培技術(shù)指導(dǎo)，推廣應(yīng)用集中成熟輕簡綠色高質(zhì)高效栽培、棉花間作套種種植模式等增產(chǎn)增效關(guān)鍵技術(shù)措施，黃河流域棉花輕簡化栽培技術(shù)已于2016年被農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部列為年度農(nóng)業(yè)主推技術(shù)。另一方面，積極支持相關(guān)單位編制《棉花集中成熟栽培技術(shù)要求》國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和《鹽堿地現(xiàn)代植棉技術(shù)規(guī)程》農(nóng)業(yè)行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在山東濱州等黃河三角洲鹽堿地開展棉花集中成熟技術(shù)和高品質(zhì)可持續(xù)棉花生產(chǎn)試點(diǎn)，推進(jìn)鹽堿地植棉規(guī)范化生產(chǎn)。下一步，我部將結(jié)合高素質(zhì)農(nóng)民教育培訓(xùn)等工作，在適宜區(qū)域進(jìn)一步加大短季棉無膜輕簡化綠色栽培技術(shù)示范推廣力度。
 
　　三、關(guān)于推廣“棉草兩熟”種植模式
 
　　近年來，河北、山東等省份，充分挖掘鹽堿地開發(fā)利用潛力，發(fā)展苜蓿等耐鹽堿優(yōu)質(zhì)飼草，取得積極成效。2015年以來，我部在北方農(nóng)牧交錯帶、黃淮海地區(qū)等組織實(shí)施糧改飼項(xiàng)目，對收儲優(yōu)質(zhì)飼草的牛羊養(yǎng)殖場(戶)和飼草專業(yè)化服務(wù)組織予以補(bǔ)助，以養(yǎng)帶種推動種植結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和現(xiàn)代飼草產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。下一步，我部將充分挖掘鹽堿地種草潛力，推動培育鹽堿地適生的高產(chǎn)飼草品種，強(qiáng)化鹽堿地改造和飼草高效生產(chǎn)技術(shù)研發(fā)集成，培育壯大飼草專業(yè)化社會服務(wù)組織，構(gòu)建多元化鹽堿地生產(chǎn)體系，持續(xù)提升鹽堿地農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供給能力。
 
　　感謝您對我部工作的關(guān)心，希望繼續(xù)對三農(nóng)工作給予支持。
 
　　農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部
　　2023年7月31日

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