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環(huán)比上升6.5個(gè)百分點(diǎn) 中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)流通協(xié)會(huì)發(fā)布2021年12月份景氣指數(shù)

2022-01-12 08:55:28 來(lái)源:中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)流通協(xié)會(huì) 閱讀量:19774 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀: 12月份AMI指數(shù)為52.2%,比上月提升6.5個(gè)百分點(diǎn),比上年同期提升5.1個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。

  【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 市場(chǎng)行情 12月份AMI指數(shù)為52.2%,比上月提升6.5個(gè)百分點(diǎn),比上年同期提升5.1個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。
 
  中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械流通協(xié)會(huì)發(fā)布的2021年12月份中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)市場(chǎng)景氣指數(shù)(AMI)為52.2%,環(huán)比提升6.5個(gè)百分點(diǎn),同比提升5.1個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。從環(huán)比看,6個(gè)一級(jí)指數(shù)全部呈現(xiàn)上升趨勢(shì),其中效益指數(shù)增幅最高,為9.6個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。從同比看,6個(gè)一級(jí)指數(shù)也全部呈現(xiàn)上升趨勢(shì),其中銷售能力指數(shù)增幅最高,為8.2個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。12月份,6個(gè)一級(jí)指數(shù)中除銷售能力指數(shù)和庫(kù)存指數(shù)依然停留在景氣區(qū)間,其余均位于不景氣區(qū)間。
 

 

 

  特約分析師張華光認(rèn)為:12月份,AMI以擊穿榮枯線挺進(jìn)景氣區(qū)間,結(jié)束了跌宕起伏的2021年,著實(shí)令人詫異。這也是自2013年農(nóng)機(jī)市場(chǎng)景氣指數(shù)發(fā)布以來(lái)的9年間,第二次(第一次發(fā)生在2013年)打破農(nóng)機(jī)市場(chǎng)運(yùn)行規(guī)律,在12月份的傳統(tǒng)淡季呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)的逆規(guī)律現(xiàn)象。這雖與我們上月判斷—歲末市場(chǎng)“翹尾”、環(huán)比增長(zhǎng)方向一致,出人意料是這“尾”翹的有點(diǎn)大,尤其發(fā)生在傳統(tǒng)的市場(chǎng)淡季。
 
  縱觀12月AMI的良好表現(xiàn),雖打下了特定年份下偶然因素的烙印,但其必然性也隱含其中,我們將之定性為多重因素交互作用的結(jié)果。市場(chǎng)調(diào)查顯示,AMI的反常表現(xiàn)主要原因有以下幾個(gè)方面。第一,補(bǔ)貼政策的利好拉動(dòng)。12月份,市場(chǎng)上盛傳今年1月份即開(kāi)放補(bǔ)貼系統(tǒng),此傳言產(chǎn)生了兩個(gè)結(jié)果:一是一些省份經(jīng)銷商抓住12月份的最后機(jī)會(huì),集中錄入補(bǔ)貼產(chǎn)品信息,形成市場(chǎng)的“虛高”;二是一些用戶擔(dān)心今年單臺(tái)補(bǔ)貼額度下調(diào)而提前購(gòu)買,譬如吉林市場(chǎng),一度掀起購(gòu)買小高潮,盡管該省的補(bǔ)貼系統(tǒng)至今還沒(méi)有開(kāi)通,但產(chǎn)生的銷售效果卻出現(xiàn)了。雖一虛一實(shí),但結(jié)果是一樣的即推動(dòng)了12月份市場(chǎng)銷售的攀升。第二,生產(chǎn)企業(yè)促銷,經(jīng)銷商“囤貨”。每年的12月份和次年的1月份,都是農(nóng)機(jī)生產(chǎn)企業(yè)召開(kāi)商務(wù)年會(huì),密集出臺(tái)促銷政策,進(jìn)而搶奪渠道資源的“規(guī)定動(dòng)作”。近兩年雖受疫情原因,許多企業(yè)或?qū)⒛陼?huì)轉(zhuǎn)移至線上,或休會(huì),但促銷政策從來(lái)不會(huì)缺席。結(jié)果是直接推高經(jīng)銷商的庫(kù)存,從12月份50.7%的庫(kù)存指數(shù)景氣度可見(jiàn)一斑。說(shuō)明12月份,農(nóng)機(jī)交易更多發(fā)生在生產(chǎn)企業(yè)與經(jīng)銷商之間,大量農(nóng)機(jī)商品滯壓在渠道上,真正進(jìn)入終端的比重并不高。第三,去年因原材料漲價(jià),觸動(dòng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)格局的變化。尤其多數(shù)頭部企業(yè)均取得較好的業(yè)績(jī),其市場(chǎng)信心大增。提前布局今年市場(chǎng)的意愿更為強(qiáng)烈,促銷力度也更大,對(duì)12月份的景氣度也產(chǎn)生了一定的利好影響。
 
  1月份走勢(shì)判斷。預(yù)計(jì)已經(jīng)開(kāi)始的1月份,AMI擊穿榮枯線,回歸不景氣區(qū)間的概率較大。環(huán)比下滑,同比增長(zhǎng)的可能性較大。
 
  12月份雖然在各種利好因素的拉動(dòng)下,完成了年終“驚險(xiǎn)一跳”。但必須清醒的認(rèn)識(shí)到其增長(zhǎng)的基礎(chǔ)并不牢固,甚至很脆弱。首先,1月份正值傳統(tǒng)淡季屬性難以改變,加之春節(jié)臨近的影響,市場(chǎng)回歸不景氣常態(tài)是再正常不過(guò)的了;其次,分析12月份進(jìn)入景氣區(qū)間的一個(gè)重要因素是部分區(qū)域市場(chǎng)關(guān)于補(bǔ)貼系統(tǒng)1月1日開(kāi)放的傳言,1月份隨著傳言變成謊言,其利好因素也隨之消失;第三,不少經(jīng)銷商在經(jīng)歷了12月份抬升庫(kù)存之后,其持續(xù)加大庫(kù)存的動(dòng)力將受到一定的削弱;第四,從上月的人氣指數(shù)和經(jīng)理人信心指數(shù)看,雖演繹了同比、環(huán)比齊增的“好戲”,但市場(chǎng)支撐力的持久性值得懷疑。一是雖然增長(zhǎng),但均不在景氣區(qū)間,即增長(zhǎng)是基于市場(chǎng)常態(tài)下的表現(xiàn);二是增長(zhǎng)是基于前面分析的利好因素之上對(duì)市場(chǎng)的判斷,其主觀色彩較濃厚,一旦增長(zhǎng)的基礎(chǔ)出現(xiàn)動(dòng)搖,其景氣度將隨之應(yīng)聲下調(diào)。第五,從2013-2021年月度景氣度指數(shù)走勢(shì)規(guī)律看,1月份沒(méi)有進(jìn)入景氣區(qū)間的先例,今年如果沒(méi)有黑天鵝事件發(fā)生,此規(guī)律還將延續(xù)。第六,從二級(jí)、三級(jí)指數(shù)分析,去年12月份雖然種植機(jī)、田間管理機(jī)械、收獲機(jī)指數(shù)均進(jìn)入景氣區(qū)間,拖拉機(jī)指數(shù)也異常接近榮枯線。包括免耕播種機(jī)、插秧機(jī)指數(shù)在內(nèi)的種植機(jī)械和三大糧食作物收獲機(jī)械均挺進(jìn)景氣區(qū)間,但其其基礎(chǔ)建立于促銷之上,并非市場(chǎng)需求的真實(shí)反映,進(jìn)入1月份后,回歸市場(chǎng)本真的概率很大。
 
  另外,我們所以判斷環(huán)比下降主要依據(jù)12月份的高達(dá)52.2%的景氣度“高地”,同比增長(zhǎng)主要基于去年同期不算高的景氣度(2021年1月份景氣度為42.6%)。
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